The influence of conformity and group identity on drink walking intentions: Comparing intentions to drink walk across risky pedestrian crossing scenarios

Despite the dangers associated with drink walking, limited research is currently available regarding the factors which influence individuals to engage in this risky behaviour. This study examined the influence of psychosocial factors upon individuals’ intentions to drink walk across four experimental scenarios (and a control condition). Specifically, a 2 × 2 repeated measures design was utilised in which all of the scenarios incorporated a risky pedestrian crossing situation (i.e., a pedestrian crossing against a red man signal) but differed according to the level of group identity (i.e., low/strangers and high/friends) and conformity (low and high). Individuals were assessed for their intentions to drink walk within each of these different scenarios. Undergraduate students (N = 151), aged 17–30 years, completed a questionnaire. Overall, most of the study's hypotheses were supported with individuals reporting the highest intentions to drink walk when in the presence of friends (i.e., high group identity) and their friends were said to be also crossing against the red man signal (i.e., high conformity). The findings may have significant implications for the design of countermeasures to reduce drink walking. For instance, the current findings would suggest that potentially effective strategies may be to promote resilience to peer influence as well as highlight the negative consequences associated with following the behaviour of other intoxicated pedestrians who are crossing against a red signal.     

When less sells more or less: The scarcity principle in wine choice

When buying wine, consumers often need to infer unobservable characteristics of the wines that are available. Product scarcity in the store can signal that the quality of a wine is high, either because the product is deemed exclusive (when scarcity is supply-caused) or because the product is deemed popular (when scarcity is demand-caused). This “scarcity principle” has been observed in various contexts, and thus seems universal, but it is not. This study aims to show when scarcity of a specific wine increases consumer choice for this wine, and when it does not. Specifically, two experiments show that scarcity has little or no effect when consumers are less involved with the product category wine, that uniqueness goals can increase the effect of supply-caused scarcity on product choice, and that these uniqueness goals do not counteract the effect of demand-caused scarcity on choice. Thus, even consumers with a uniqueness goal respond positively to demand-caused scarcity. Moreover, the study shows that scarcity is effectively communicated not only through a verbal sales pitch but also through merely the visual display of the amount of shelf space provided for products and the amount of emptied shelf space as a signal of prior purchases.     

论企业文化和企业制度的建设与整合

企业文化是一种先进的管理文化,有效开展企业文化建设,可以提高企业的核心竞争力,促进企业的健康发展.但是许多企业在建设企业文化过程中,由于没有认识到企业文化的本质,没有认识到企业文化建设与制度建设的关系而导致企业文化建设的失败.通过对企业文化建设中存在的问题的研究,认为目前企业制度建设是企业文化建设成败的关健,并对如何进行制度建设及整合进行了讨论.     

景观化都市建筑学——从2004威尼斯建筑双年展看当代先锋建筑与教育

该文通过对2004年威尼斯双年展部分建筑作品的解读,剖析了当代先锋建筑的一种倾向——景观化都市建筑,即打破了传统建筑学、城市规划与哥观设计学三者之间严格的界线．将曾被视为景观设计领域的方法、技术、工艺融入到建筑设计与城市设计中去,进行全方位的空间整合．且进一步阐述了这类建筑的特征及其相应的学科发展特点.     

贵阳花溪"梦溪笔谈"住宅项目

文章对贵阳花溪“梦溪笔谈”住宅项目的竹溪居和帘宅、院宅作了分析。指出分岔的路径系统建构了竹溪居的户内空间主体结构,因循着它的身体至少可与思想平行;介绍了帘宅、院宅的一种尝试:以视线和皮肤的接触面作为梯度因素,从梯度差异入手界定住宅行为关系,同时反思其建造和使用。     

我国整合合格评定机构、构建统一的认证认可体系

详细介绍了合格评定制度及其发展,以及我国认证认可体系的新进展。     

Does ‘cyber-conformity’ vary cross-culturally? Exploring the effect of culture and communication medium on social conformity

Previous research has established that individuals from collectivistic cultures tend to conform more than their counterparts from individualistic cultures do [Bond, R., & Smith, P.B. (1996). Culture and conformity: A meta-analysis of studies using Asch’s (1952b, 1956) line judgment task. Psychological Bulletin 119(1) 111–137]. However, there is presently a dearth of research exploring the degree to which this kind of cross-cultural difference is also present in computer-mediated communication (CMC) contexts where group members are never met face-to-face (f-t-f). A normative social influence paradigm of line-length judgment (based on Asch [Asch, S.E., (1955). Opinions and social pressure. Scientific American 193(5) 31–35]) was employed to investigate the effects of communication medium (f-t-f against CMC) and culture (participants from individualistic cultures against those from collectivist cultures). A communication type × culture interaction was found, in which the expected cultural differences were demonstrated only in the face-to-face conditions, being absent in computer-mediated conditions.     

应用LDAP实现企业信息资源统一管理

大型企业的信息系统经多年建设,逐步形成了自己特色的若干信息应用系统,但由于企业应用平台的复杂性、应用的复杂性、组织 的复杂性,使集中管理和整合上难度加大。把LDAP作为基础信息平台引入到企业的信息资源管理和整合中来,可以较好地实现整个企业信 息系统各类资源的统一管理,加速信息系统的整合。     

Dimensional synthesis of a robotized cell of support fixture

In this paper, an optimal designed 8-SPU parallel mechanism, acting as a cell of the self-configurable fixture which is used to support and clamp the thin-walled, large-scale plate and shell workpiece in automotive, aircraft and ship manufacturing industries, is proposed. In order to locate the maximum workspace with the global dexterity and conformity dexterity, single and multiple objective optimizations are performed under conditions of geometric constraints and kinematic performance indices by particle swarm optimization. The structural comprehensive parameters of parallel mechanism, such as the layout of joint points on the upper platform, the angle between two limbs of leg, and the ratio of radii of fixed to moving platforms, are optimized to obtain the optimal design dimensions. Furthermore, the effect of the optimized variables on kinematic performance indices is also intensively investigated. The compared results of the two optimization approaches indicate the feasibility of the proposed procedures.     

浅析美国、日本、韩国及欧盟的合格评定

合格评定是一个国家或地区为保证本国或本地区产品质量和使用安全,面对企业市场准入的一种监控手段.在经济全球化发展的大趋势面前,我国面临新机遇和挑战,为提高企业的竞争优势,建立并适应国外合格评定制度是非常必要的.文章主要综述美国、日本、韩国及欧盟合格评定制度的基本情况.