Fuzzy Weirstrass theorem and convex fuzzy mappings

The convexity and continuity of fuzzy mappings are defined through a linear ordering and a metric on the set of fuzzy numbers. The local-global minimum property of real-valued convex functions is extended to convex fuzzy mappings. It is proved that a strict local minimizer of a quasiconvex fuzzy mapping is also a strict global minimizer. Characterizations for convex fuzzy mappings and quasiconvex fuzzy mappings are given. In addition, the Weirstrass theorem is extended from real-valued functions to fuzzy mappings.     

输气管道天然气连续取样器的研制及应用

文章针对国内管输天然气气质分析工作中取样环节所存在的问题，结合国外技术发展趋势，全面地介绍了输气管道天然气连续取样器的研制过程。实践证明，该装置较好地解决了天然气密度值偏差问题，满足管输天然气全分析的要求，同时，该装置的推广应用将会提高天然气的计量准确度。     

可持续发展的历史街区保护

在历史街区保护中一般存在的问题有:保护观念不正确、保护方式不当、原居住生活网络被破坏等。文章提出,运用可持续发展理论进行历史街区保护应遵循4个原则:协调性原则、延续性原则、公平性原则、以人为本原则。     

Some notes on Zadeh’s extensions

This paper shows that the Zadeh’s extensions of sendograph-metric-continuous fuzzy-valued functions are sendograph-metric-continuous fuzzy functions.     

微分中值定理的推广及应用

微分中值定理的应用广泛，本文将较系统的归纳总结并加以推广。详细地阐述了微分中值定理的应用并加以分类，从理论和实际的结合上阐明微分中值定理的重要性。     

狄利克雷积分的几种计算方法

利用含参量非正常积分的一些性质,给出了狄利克雷积分integral from n=0 to +∞(sinx)的几种计算方法。     

An approach to calibrate incentives for continuity of supply in the Spanish electricity distribution system

This paper proposes an approach to calibrate incentives for continuity of supply in electricity distribution in Spain. This approach consists on the estimation of the impact of continuity of supply improvements on distribution network costs. For this purpose, distribution costs resulting from different continuity of supply requirements are computed by a reference network model (RNM). The results obtained from the RNM are used to estimate a cost-function that considers continuity of supply a cost driver for distribution costs. This methodology is applied to three Spanish areas of service (an urban one, a semi-urban one and a rural one) in such a way that differences in distribution costs caused by the characteristics of the area type can be taken into account. The analysis indicated that distribution costs are more sensitive to continuity of supply improvements in rural areas of service. It also demonstrated that the incentive for reducing number of service interruptions should be higher than the incentive for reducing duration of service interruptions. Finally, the current Spanish incentive scheme for continuity of supply was analyzed under the perspective of the proposed approach.     

Numerical Simulation and Validation of Ozone Concentration Profile in Green Gram (Vigna radiate) Bulks

The new fumigant ozone offers an alternative to contact insecticides such as phosphine and methyl bromide as a grain fumigant. This study was carried out to test the flow characteristics of ozone from points of release to the available concentration of ozone to kill pests at other areas along the storage bin. A mass transfer model which predicts ozone concentration as a function of time was applied along with continuity equation to simulate the ozone transfer in a storage bin. Ozone exchange rate based on grain bed thickness was taken into account and evaluated using the correlation developed during the experiment. The relative error between the experimental and predicted ozone concentration values for the entire bin geometry was less than 25.7%. Overall, the general trends of measured ozone concentration were compatible with the simulated ones.     

Difference Detection Between Two Images for Image Monitoring

In manufacturing industries, images are commonly used for quality control purposes. In such applications, if the quality of the products is good, then their images should be all similar to the image of a good-quality product. Therefore, comparison of images is a fundamental task in image-based quality control. This problem, however, is complicated in the sense that (1) observed images often contain noise, and (2) the related images need to be geometrically matched up first because images of different products could be geometrically mismatched because the relative positions between a camera and different products are often not exactly the same. The first issue requires a statistical method that can remove noise, and the second issue is related to the so-called image registration problem in the image processing literature. In this article, we propose effective methods for detecting difference between two images of products, and our proposed methods can accommodate both noise and geometric mismatch mentioned above. Theoretical results and numerical examples show that they can work effectively in applications.