Context-free grammars to detect straight segments and a novel polygonal approximation method

A new method for the polygonal approximation is presented. The method is based on the search for break points through a context-free grammar, that accepts digital straight segments with loss of information, as well as the decrease in the error committed employing the comparison of a tolerable error. We present an application of our method to different sets of objects widely used, as well as a comparison of our results with the best results reported in the literature, proving that our method achieves better values of error criteria. Besides, a new way to find polygonal approximations, with context-free grammars to recognize digital straight segments without loss of pixels, it is also addressed.     

Assessing pre- and post-deformation in the southern Arava Valley segment of the Dead Sea Transform, Israel by differential interferometry

Differential radar interferometry, using archived ERS data over the region of the Dead Sea Transform, allows to detect ground movement (subsidence or uplift) in playas within the southern Arava Valley segment of the Dead Sea Rift. These measurements are consistent with a mean displacement rate of about 0.4 cm/month, in the direction of the radar beam, during the 8-month period preceding the Nuweiba earthquake of 22 November 1995. In the 3 years following the earthquake, the measured rate was smaller by a factor of 10. These movements are not related to salt diapirs or water pumping activities in the area. The exact location, along faults, suggests a possible correlation with pre-seismic and post-seismic fault deformation.A simple fault model consistent with the observed phenomena associates the observed subsidence/uplift to right and left stepping en-echelon fault patterns related to inter-seismic tensional accumulation along the faults. Further observations are necessary on this site and similar fault areas to corroborate the correlation between seismic activity and the observed phenomena. Monitoring of these sites should continue with differential Global positioning system (GPS) measurements and radar interferometric analysis using Envisat and Radarsat as well as archived data (including J-ERS).     

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR OF HEAVY TBP-FRACTIONS (455°C+) OF ARABIAN CRUDE OILS

A generalized kinematic viscosity-temperature correlation for undefined liquid heavy petroleum fractions has been developed to represent the data for a wide range of temperature from 100°C to 200°C. The correlation is based on the experimental kinematic viscosity data of true boiling point fractions of four Arabian crude oils. The characterization property required for estimation is 50% boiling point. The proposed correlation fits the experimental data with an overall absolute error of 6.1%. Experimental measurements of kinematic viscosity of heavy true boiling point fractions of Arabian crude oils were also obtained in order to develop the proposed correlation.     

Data requirements for neutron activation: Part I: Cross sections

Existing neutron cross section libraries such as EAF-2003 contain a large number of reactions. Of these only a small proportion are significant in the production of the nuclides that dominate activation quantities such as activity or γ-dose rate at various decay times. These reactions were identified in a recent extensive set of calculations on all the elements and reported in the ‘Activation Handbook’. These 1340 reactions are considered here and the set of reactions with no differential or integral data are listed and prioritised. A set of 339 reactions with very limited possibility of measurement are given; these require further study by theoretical calculations. A set of 100 reactions with either discrepant or no data, that might be measurable are listed and are recommended to be the subject of future experimental work.     

长期不同施肥对玉米田间杂草生物多样性的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究了长期不同施肥对田间杂草总密度、优势杂草组成及生物多样性的影响。结果表明:综合施用N、P、K肥,不仅降低了田间杂草的总密度,降低了优势杂草在群落中的比重,而且有利于维持田间杂草的生物多样性;不施用N或P肥,田间杂草的总密度增大,优势杂草的比重也明显增强,但不利于维持田间杂草的生物多样性。所以,平衡施用N、P、K肥,有利于维持农田生态系统中的生物多样性,并能更好地进行杂草控制。     

HSI空间亮度信息的多尺度Retinex图像增强研究

彩色图像增强可以提高图像的亮度,增强图像的对比度和细节,同时使得图像颜色更加逼真自然,并且较少失真,在遥感、医学、刑侦、电视与多媒体等许多方面具有良好的应用前景和重要的理论研究意义。提出基于HSI空间亮度信息的多尺度Retinex图像增强算法（HSI_MSR）,算法通过对HSI颜色空间模型的分析,通过增强HSI模型中I分量,将HSI模型转换到RGB模型,得到增强后的彩色图像。通过仿真实验可知HSI_MSR算法可以较好地提高图像的视觉特性,亮度适合人眼观察,细节较为丰富,使得图像颜色更加逼真自然。     

基于MPEG-7主色描述符的图像检索

主色描述符作为MPEG-7的一种颜色描述子被广泛的应用于图像检索。通过一种有效的,结构紧凑的,直观的模式,主色描述符描述了一幅图像中的具有代表性的颜色特征。一种新的基于固定数目的MPEG-7主色描述符的图像检索算法被提出。特征提取的过程不再需要阙值的干预以及主色数目固定为8个。直方图相交算法用来衡量特征,从而简化了相似度的计算。实验结果表明,此方法的查准率和查全率高于非固定数目的主色检索方法。     

一种结合了纹理和颜色的运动目标跟踪算法

运动目标跟踪是智能视频监控中的关键技术之一,怎样描述运动目标是该技术的一个关键问题。提出一种新的运动目标跟踪算法,结合改进的LBP纹理和色度来描述运动目标,并采用Camshift算法的思想进行目标跟踪。为了降低算法的复杂性,在保证跟踪精确度的前提下,LBP纹理和色度的种类被极大地精简。实验证明提出的方法能有效地跟踪运动目标,在常规的视频分辨率下能达到实时性,比同类的其它算法性能更好。     

Efficient and robust shot change detection

In this article, we deal with the problem of shot change detection which is of primary importance when trying to segment and abstract video sequences. Contrary to recent experiments, our aim is to elaborate a robust but very efficient (real-time even with uncompressed data) method to deal with the remaining problems related to shot change detection: illumination changes, context and data independency, and parameter settings. To do so, we have considered some adaptive threshold and derivative measures in a hue-saturation colour space. We illustrate our robust and efficient method by some experiments on news and football broadcast video sequences.