波导短程透镜球差特性分析及其焦距精确测量方法的研究

本文研究短程透镜的焦点位于端面外的球差特性。对焦点位于波导外部（包括端面）的情况给出了一种精确测量焦距新方法，采用这种方法简单易行，测量精度取决于读数显微镜的读数精度（０．０１ｍｍ）。     

二元光栅照明研究

采用部分相干成象理论对二元光机照明进行了较为详细的研究。分析了二元光栅照明对分辨力，焦，照明能量和照明均匀性的影响，并通过实验研究验证了二元光栅对分辨力和焦深有较大程度的提高，同时能量损失不大。     

256元线阵PtSi SB-IRCCD热成像技术研究

本文简述了256元线阵PtSi肖特基势垒红外电荷耦合器件(以下简称SB-IRCCD)的基本工作原理,介绍了IRCCD热成像总体方案及该线阵图像传感器热成像系统的设计。系统设计采用了微机技术,利用Z80—CPU作为摄像机控制处理核心,配合专门的图像帧存贮器来进行图像处理,补偿器件均匀性,抑制固定图像噪声(FPN)及提高信噪比(S/N),降低最小可分辨温差。摄像机系统采用慢存快读的方式,实现显示标准化,与标准电视制式兼容,便于直接与标准视频记录,处理或分析设备接口。最后介绍模拟红外热成像实验情况。     

结合改进VGGNet和Focal Loss的人脸表情识别

针对目前表情识别准确率偏低,表情数据集中类别样本类间差异小、类内差异大以及误标注样本产生的误分类等问题,提出了一种结合改进VGGNet和Focal Loss的人脸表情识别算法。在迁移学习的基础上,通过设计新的输出模块对VGGNet模型进行改进,提升了模型的特征提取能力,能够较好地避免过拟合现象;通过设置概率阈值对Focal Loss进行改进,避免误标注样本对模型分类性能产生影响。实验结果表明,该模型在CK+、JAFFE以及FER2013数据集上的识别准确率分别达到了99.68%、97.61%和72.49%,在实际应用中泛化能力突出。     

空间光学遥感器CCD焦面组件的设计与分析

随着空间光学遥感器大视场高分辨力技术指标的不断提高,对CCD焦面组件的结构形式和材料选择提出了越来越高的要求.为了满足指标要求,设计了三片CCD机械交错拼接的焦面组件,阐述了该焦面组件的结构形式和材料的选取过程.应用有限元软件对其进行了均匀温升、模态和静力学分析.结果表明,所设计的焦面组件满足了空间光学遥感器的大视场高分辨力的技术要求,同时也能适应空间微重力、振动和温度变化等环境条件.设计和分析过程为三片以上CCD焦面组件的设计和分析提供了参考.     

SRI-Net: Similarity retrieval-based inference network for light field salient object detection

The cutting-edge RGB saliency models are prone to fail for some complex scenes, while RGB-D saliency models are often affected by inaccurate depth maps. Fortunately, light field images can provide a sufficient spatial layout depiction of 3D scenes. Therefore, this paper focuses on salient object detection of light field images, where a Similarity Retrieval-based Inference Network (SRI-Net) is proposed. Due to various focus points, not all focal slices extracted from light field images are beneficial for salient object detection, thus, the key point of our model lies in that we attempt to select the most valuable focal slice, which can contribute more complementary information for the RGB image. Specifically, firstly, we design a focal slice retrieval module (FSRM) to choose an appropriate focal slice by measuring the foreground similarity between the focal slice and RGB image. Secondly, in order to combine the original RGB image and the selected focal slice, we design a U-shaped saliency inference module (SIM), where the two-stream encoder is used to extract multi-level features, and the decoder is employed to aggregate multi-level deep features. Extensive experiments are conducted on two widely used light field datasets, and the results firmly demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed SRI-Net.     

一种基于YOLOv4-TIA的林业害虫实时检测方法

针对现有基于深度学习的林业昆虫图像检测方法存在检测精度低和检测速度慢的问题,提出一种结合改进PANet结构与三分支注意力机制的目标检测方法YOLOv4-TIA。通过对样本数量较少的昆虫类别进行数据增强,实现样本均衡分布。利用三分支注意力机制改进YOLOv4中的CSPDarkNet53骨干网络,同时通过旋转操作和残差变换建立维度间的依存关系,以提高有效的特征通道权重,在PANet结构上增加将跳跃连接与跨尺度连接相结合的特征融合方式,从而获取更丰富的语义信息和位置信息。在此基础上,采用Focal loss函数优化分类损失,解决正负样本不均衡的问题。实验结果表明,该方法的精确率和召回率分别达到85.9%和91.2%,相比SSD、Faster R-CNN、YOLOv4方法,其在保证检测速度的同时,能够有效提高检测精度,且实现对林业害虫的实时精确监测。     

Structure of focal adhesion kinase in healthy heart versus pathological cardiac hypertrophy: A modeling and simulation study

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is required for signaling in the heart. S910 phosphorylated FAK is known to cause pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The switching of FAK between its inactive (-i), activated (-a) and hyperactive (-h) state is controlled by phosphorylation. FAK consists of three domains, namely: FERM, Kinase, and FAT joined by linkers L1 and L2. The structural basis of FAK phosphorylation and signaling to the downstream pathways is not understood. In this work, we carried out homology modeling and domain assembly of full length human iFAK and aFAK. 100 ns classical molecular dynamic simulations were performed using AMBER14 and effect of S910 phosphorylation on FAK was investigated. The iFAK model superposed on a small angel X-ray scattering (SAXS) derived model with RMSD of 1.18 Å for 590 Cα atoms. aFAK showed S910 phosphorylation site in L2 shielded by FERM. S910 phosphorylation in hFAK led to its exposure accompanied by a large conformational change and exposing the previously buried Grb2 interaction site responsible for causing cardiac hypertrophy. The models of FAK are in agreement with diverse experimental data and observed differences in biological action. Understanding the structure activity relationships of FAK in response to phosphorylation is important for its future therapeutic modulation.     

THz焦平面连续波透射成像系统的成像面积及对比度

研究了THz辐射和THz焦平面器件的特性,分析了THz焦平面探测器连续波透射成像系统的能量传输过程。考虑大气衰减、器件限制等影响因素以及连续激光照射、目标场景与焦平面探测器之间的信号传递关系,推导出了连续波透射成像系统的成像面积及对比度两个重要的参量模型。然后设计并组建了连续波THz透射成像系统。根据所建模型分别对信封中的环三亚甲基三硝铵(RDX)粉末和塑料盒中的金属刀片两种不同被测物体的成像面积及对比度进行了计算。结果表明:基于理论推导的两种实例其最大成像面积可达4.74cm×6.32cm和3.534cm×4.712cm,图像对比度分别为0.242 2和0.306。与美国麻省理工学院(MIT)的成像系统进行了对比,该系统的成像面积为3cm×3cm或4cm×4cm,与本文推导结果处于同一数量级,由此验证了本文提出的模型和方法的合理性和有效性。     

超音速机载吊舱红外测量系统研究

介绍了超音速机载红外测量吊舱系统(以下简称红外测量吊舱)红外光学窗口的设计依据；红外探测器的工作原理；红外成像的原理；特别对跟踪空中目标时所采集到的红外图像数据作了深入研究，分析出各种数据产生的原因。为今后研究空中目标的特性提供了有效的数据积累。