A strategic roadmap for large-scale green hydrogen demonstration and commercialisation in China: A review and survey analysis

Hydrogen is gaining increased attention from industries and policymakers in China. However, most of the current demonstration projects in the country have relied on conventional energy sources, including industrial byproduct hydrogen and grey hydrogen produced from fossil fuels. Moreover, strategies and policy frameworks leading to a shift to green or low-carbon hydrogen have neither been explored in-depth nor been identified clearly in the context of China. This study aims at bridging such gaps. Roadmapping techniques enhanced by the Delphi method and SWOT analysis are used to survey hydrogen energy experts from government bodies, industries, and academia to achieve basic agreement on strategically enabling large-scale green hydrogen demonstrations followed by commercialisation in China. The outcome of two rounds of surveys showed that experts' opinions converged on a strategic roadmap with three stages of development. The corresponding policies needed in each stage are evaluated and selected to form a systemic framework.     

FluNet: A hybrid internet simulator for fast queue regimes

Motivated by the scale and complexity of simulating large-scale networks, recent research has focused on hybrid fluid/packet simulators, where fluid models are combined with packet models in order to reduce simulation complexity as well as to track dynamics of end-sources accurately. However, these simulators still need to track the queuing dynamics of network routers, leading to considerable simulation complexity in a large-scale network model. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid simulator – FluNet – where queueing dynamics are not tracked, but instead, an equivalent rate-based model is used. The FluNet simulator is predicated on a fast-queueing regime at bottleneck routers, where the queue length fluctuates on a faster time-scale than end systems. This allows us to simulate large-scale systems, where the simulation “time step-size” is governed only by the time-scale of the end-systems, and not by that of the intermediate routers; whereas a queue-tracking based fluid simulator would require decreasingly smaller step-sizes as the system scale size increases. We validate our model using a ns-2 based implementation. Our results indicate a good match between packet systems and the associated FluNet system.     

Comments on “Equivalence of characterizations of fixed models”

In this note we present a proof to the conjecture given in the above paper, and therefore establish the equivalence of characterizations of fixed modes for the general case.     

Experimental study of composite cold-formed steel C-section floor joists

Twelve large-scale slab specimens and twenty-two companion push-out specimens were tested to study the behavior and capacity of composite slab joists consisting of cold-formed steel C-sections and concrete. Four shear transfer mechanisms, including surface bond, pre-fabricated bent-up tabs, pre-drilled holes, and self-drilling screws, were employed on the surface of the flange embedded in the concrete to provide shear transfer capacity. Results indicated that specimens employed with shear transfer enhancements showed a marked increase in strength and reduced deflection compared with those relying only on a natural bond between steel and concrete to resist shear. Of the three shear transfer enhancements investigated, bent-up tabs provided the best performance at both the strength and serviceability limit states, followed by drilled holes in the embedded flanges. The use of self-drilling screws resulted in the lowest strength increase. The correlation of shear transfer capacity of push-out specimens with the ultimate capacity of large-scale specimens indicated that the average experimental flexural capacity of the slab specimens was approximately 1.16 times the average predicted value based on push-out test results.     

Fast, large-scale model predictive control by partial enumeration

Partial enumeration (PE) is presented as a method for treating large, linear model predictive control applications that are out of reach with available MPC methods. PE uses both a table storage method and online optimization to achieve this goal. Versions of PE are shown to be closed-loop stable. PE is applied to an industrial example with more than 250 states, 32 inputs, and a 25-sample control horizon. The performance is less than 0.01% suboptimal, with average speedup factors in the range of 80-220, and worst-case speedups in the range of 4.9-39.2, compared to an existing MPC method. Small tables with only 25-200 entries were used to obtain this performance, while full enumeration is intractable for this example.     

一种新的时变大系统递阶控制求解方法

研究了一种新的大系统求解方法,利用Taylor级数的性质,将大系统时变递阶控制问题 转化为代数方程的求解问题.该方法简单,易于编成计算机程序.算例表明了它的有效性.     

Distributed receding horizon control of large-scale nonlinear systems: Handling communication delays and disturbances

This paper studies the robust distributed receding horizon control (DRHC) problem for large-scale continuous-time nonlinear systems subject to communication delays and external disturbances. A dual-mode robust DRHC strategy is designed to deal with the communication delays and the external disturbances simultaneously. The feasibility of the proposed DRHC and the stability of the closed-loop system are analyzed, and the sufficient conditions for ensuring the feasibility and stability are developed, respectively. We show that: (1) the feasibility is affected by the bounds of external disturbances, the sampling period and the bound of communication delays; (2) the stability is related to the bounds of external disturbances, the sampling period, the bound of communication delays and the minimum eigenvalues of the cooperation matrices; (3) the closed-loop system is stabilized into a robust invariant set under the proposed conditions. A simulation study is conducted to verify the theoretical results.     

大型陶瓷壁画电脑喷绘制作系统

简要阐述了电脑应用于大型陶瓷壁画制作的技术可行性。并对电脑瓷板画普遍存在的偏色技术难题,给出了解决问题的一种新方法,大大提高了大型陶瓷瓷板画的成色质量。对大型壁画的生产工艺给出了具有创造性的新思路。     

Spark平台上利用网络加权Voronoi图的分散迭代社区聚类并行化研究

针对当下数据大规模增长对计算能力需求的急剧增长,传统独立运行的机器在大规模网络社区中执行社区检测操作时无法提供所需的数据处理能力的问题,提出一种网络加权Voronoi图的并行分散迭代社区聚类法(NWVD-PDICCM)。利用基于网络加权Voronoi图的分散迭代社区聚类方法(NWVD-DICCM)提取大型网络的有效社区结构。结合并行聚类方法,将DICCM方法的操作从串行过程转换为并行计算。利用执行并行社区聚类时的图分区,通过最小化从属工作者之间的通信来加速该过程。仿真实验结果表明,NWVD-PDICCM可以与一系列计算机架构平台共同运行,并且实现基于Spark平台的并行操作,相比其他几种较新的方法,在大规模网络数据处理能力方面得到显著提升。     

基于动态竞争的实时多媒体会议混音算法

为了解决大规模会议中的混音噪声问题,提出语音短时累积能量的概念,并据此设计基于动态竞争模式的实时多媒体会议混音算法。该算法依据会议所有成员的语音短时累积能量,通过动态竞争、自我淘汰、强制淘汰三个过程,实时从会议所有成员中选择当前的发言者,并进行混音。仿真结果显示,该算法可解决大规模会议中混音质量与会议人数成反比的问题。