木犀科植物花粉的扫描电镜研究

植物花粉的形态特征具有种属特异性。本文用扫描电子显微镜观察了木犀科(Oleaceae)的六属八种植物花粉的形态特征。结果表明,除迎春有个别四萌发沟外,其它花粉都是三沟型,外壁纹饰均为网状。但各种植物花粉的细微形态仍有明显差异。因此,用扫描电镜观察研究植物花粉的亚微形态特征,可为植物分类提供一些必要的形态依据。     

废塑料改性沥青的性能研究

通过沥青基本性能测试、荧光显微镜观察研究了废塑料（PE）对改性沥青高温性能的影响及其机理,并通过对改性沥青混合料的马歇尔稳定度测试及对沥青混合料断口观察研究了混合料的强度及高温性能。结果表明：废PE达到一定剂量时,在沥青中形成网状结构,增强了改性沥青的高温性能；加入废PE后,沥青与矿料的结合强度提高,提高了沥青混合料的高温稳定性。     

光学显微镜数字化改造的设计及仿真

目前数字显微镜得到了广泛的应用,强大的图像处理功能和友好的用户接口是其主要优势。为了充分利用医学院校的传统光学显微镜,提出了数字化的改造方法。设计出通过CCD采集、DSP图像处理、视频显示的数字化显微图像分析系统仿真平台。并且根据显微图像噪声特点提出分频的对比度受限直方图均衡算法,从而提高图像的对比度,抑制噪声放大。仿真结果表明,硬件平台可以稳定、有效地增强显微图像,并可达到20帧/秒的处理速度。     

Segmentation of microscope images of living cells

This paper describes a segmentation method combining a texture based technique with a contour based method. The technique is designed to enable the study of cell behaviour over time by segmenting brightfield microscope image sequences. The technique was tested on artificial images, based on images of living cells and on real sequences acquired from microscope observations of neutrophils and lymphocytes as well as on a sequence of MRI images. The results of the segmentation are compared with the results of the watershed and snake segmentation methods. The results show that the method is both effective and practical.

Simulation of industrial man-machine systems

In the design of large industrial processes, ergonomics designers can benefit from the use of computer simulation of man/machine systems when on-site studies are too risky or costly and laboratory studies alone have questionable generalization. This paper provides an illustration of this methodology for a hot strip mill in the steel industry and a demonstration of ergonomic design applications. A special simulation package which was developed for small military systems was adapted to this large industrial case and applied to an older manually-controlled mill of the 1930s. The simulation model was then modified to reflect automation and manning changes found in the mills built in the 1950s and the simulation results verified the actual performance differences between these mills. Experiments in further design and manning changes were made in order to demonstrate the usefulness of simulation as a design-aiding technique.     

Ceramic flaws: Laboratory tests and analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope to identify surface defects

The pollution of raw materials and ceramic products is a problem that affects all ceramic companies operating in the fields of traditional ceramics and thus needs to be further investigated. The presence of impurities in ceramic glaze and bodies, or between their contact surface, causes aesthetic defects.The aim of this work is to analyse ceramic flaws generated during the processing phases. Analysis of the morphological and compositional imperfections was carried out on different samples by the use of a Scanning Electron Microscope. An efficient model of the flaws in the final ceramic product was later developed, correlating imperfections and pollutants which caused them. In this way the phases of the process, where the pollution might occur, are successfully identified. In order to reach this goal, ceramic samples were created and contaminated in laboratory by the use of potential pollutants, previously and carefully selected in the planning phase of the study.     

含铟矿渣显微岩相分析

经显微岩相分析 ,结合 ISP及原子发射光谱分析确定了四种含铟矿渣粉样中的铟含量及可能的赋存状态。结果表明 ,铟主要以类质同象形式存在于矿物的晶格中 ,在锌矿渣中铟含量高达 0 .55% ,有较高的综合利用价值     

沥青中间相的光反射显微分析方法优化

对沥青样品采用冷镶嵌树脂成型,用自动磨抛机配不同粒级防水砂纸对成型样品多次研磨、抛光;将待测样品在反射式偏光显微镜下观察、测量,采用面积百分比法测得中间相含量。可避免计数法中间相粒径的影响,分别测量不同粒级中间相的比例。     

原子力显微镜对材料表面微摩擦性能研究进展

原子力显微镜(AFM)被广泛应用于材料表面微摩擦学的研究,利用AFM针尖对样品表面进行扫描,来模拟在微摩擦中存在的点面接触的情况。综述国内外研究发现:微摩擦性能受多因素的影响,摩擦力与表面形貌呈现相同的周期性,随表面湿度增加先增大后减小,并与表面分子基团类型、相对滑动速度、表面势的改变有很大关系。     

结合小波变换和双边滤波的SICM图像降噪算法

扫描离子电导显微镜(Scanning Ion Conductance Microscope, SICM)能够实现微纳米级的形貌测量,引起广大学者的关注研究。针对SICM形貌图像易受噪声污染,影响后续应用的问题,提出了一种基于小波分层阈值处理的双边滤波算法。针对SICM形貌图像的多特征融合噪声,采用伪中值滤波局部处理图像中的强斑点噪声,有机结合小波阈值去噪和双边滤波去除图像高频和低频噪声,最终得到去噪效果较好的形貌图像。通过仿真实验和实测实验进行多次验证,本文算法对比中值滤波、双边滤波和小波去噪三种去噪算法,其峰值信噪比提升幅度均大于9.8%。实验表明本文算法在SICM形貌图像去噪方面具有更大优势。