NiFe layered double hydroxide as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen

Two electron oxygen reduction reaction to produce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a promising alternative technique to the multistep and high energy consumption anthraquinone process. Herein, Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) has been firstly demonstrated as an efficient bifunctional catalyst to prepare H₂O₂ by electrochemical oxygen reduction (2e^? ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Significantly, the NiFe-LDH catalyst possesses a high faraday efficiency of 88.75% for H₂O₂ preparation in alkaline media. Moreover, the NiFe-LDH catalyst exhibits excellent OER electrocatalytic property with small overpotential of 210 mV at 10 mA cm^?2 and high stability in 1 M KOH solution. On this basis, a new reactor has been designed to electrolyze oxygen and generate hydrogen peroxide. Under the ultra-low cell voltage of 1 V, the H₂O₂ yield reaches to 47.62 mmol g_cat^?1 h^?1. In order to evaluate the application potential of the bifunctional NiFe-LDH catalyst for H₂O₂ preparation, a 1.5 V dry battery has been used as the power supply, and the output of H₂O₂ reaches to 83.90 mmol g_cat^?1 h^?1. The excellent electrocatalytic properties of 2e^? ORR and OER make NiFe-LDH a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for future commercialization. Moreover, the well-designed 2e^? ORR-OER reactor provides a new strategy for portable production of H₂O₂.     

Hydrogenases, accessory genes and the regulation of [NiFe] hydrogenase biosynthesis in Thiocapsa roseopersicina

The purple (Sulphur) phototrophic bacterium, Thiocapsa roseopersicina BBS contains several [NiFe] hydrogenases, of which two are membrane bound. Mutant T. roseopersicina cells, carrying deletions in both gene clusters showed hydrogenase activity. This activity was located in the cytoplasm. The structural gene cluster hoxEFUYH was identified and sequenced. In addition, genes homologous to hupUV/hoxBC, the hydrogen sensing hydrogenase have been identified and sequenced.Regulation of hydrogenase biosynthesis was studied in detail for HydSL (renamed HynSL). A random mutagenesis system was optimised for T. roseopersicina. One of the mutations was in a gene similar to that coding for the HypF proteins in other organisms. Inactivation of the hypF gene resulted in a 60-fold increase in hydrogen evolution under nitrogen fixing conditions. In addition to hypF, the following accessory genes were identified: hydD, hupK, hypC1, hypC2, hypDE. Characterisation of the corresponding gene products and search for additional accessory genes are in progress.     

NHC-Pd/NiFe2 O4催化剂的制备及其催化Suzuki反应性能?

由醇-水溶液加热法结合超临界流体干燥制备得到晶体结构完整、磁性良好、比表面积大的NiFe2O4并用其作为载体,通过简单的浸渍法制备NHC-Pd/NiFe2O4催化剂.NHC-Pd/NiFe2O4催化Suzuki反应表现出高活性和高循环稳定性.催化剂五次循环后活性没有明显降低.     

Anionic Regulated NiFe (Oxy)Sulfide Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation

The construction of active sites with intrinsic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance to overcome the limited efficiency of abundant sustainable energy devices such as fuel cells, rechargeable metal–air batteries, and in water splitting. Anionic regulation of electrocatalysts by modulating the electronic structure of active sites significantly promotes OER performance. To prove the concept, NiFeS electrocatalysts are fabricated with gradual variation of atomic ratio of S:O. With the rise of S content, the overpotential for water oxidation exhibits a volcano plot under anionic regulation. The optimized NiFeS‐2 electrocatalyst under anionic regulation possesses the lowest OER overpotential of 286 mV at 10 mA cm^?2 and the fastest kinetics being 56.3 mV dec^?1 to date. The anionic regulation methodology not only serves as an effective strategy to construct superb OER electrocatalysts, but also enlightens a new point of view for the in‐depth understanding of electrocatalysis at the electronic and atomic level.     

NiFe层厚度对薄膜磁阻性能的影响

用直流磁控溅射方法制备了以Ta为缓冲层的Ni80Fe2O薄膜。研究了NiR层厚度对薄膜电阻变化量△R的影响。实验发现△R随NiFe厚度先变大后减小，最大约为0．3Ω，当NiFe厚度达到140nm后△R趋于饱和。其变化的原因是NiFe厚度影响着晶粒尺寸和表面粗糙度，进而影响着电子的散射，使△R呈现上述的变化趋势。     

Preparation and properties of 4.25Cu-0.75Ni/NiFe_2O_4 cermet

1INTRODUCTION NiFe2O4cermets,whichareexpectedtobe usedastheinertanodesforaluminumelectrolysis, havelowcorrosionandoxidation,goodelectricalconductivityandhighthermalshockresistance[15]. Nickelferritespinelformsacorrosion resistant networkthatcontainstheelectricallyconductivecopper basedmetallicphase.Especially,Gregget al[6]foundacermetofNiFe2O4 18%NiO 17%Cu (massfraction),whichshowedfavorablecorrosion andconductivitypropertiesasinertanodesinsmalllaboratorycells.However,itwasalsoshowedth…     

NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷的电导率

制备了铝电解用NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极,研究了环境温度及材料成分对电导率的影响.实验结果表明NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷的电导率主要受温度、陶瓷基体电导率、金属成分及金属相在陶瓷相中分散度的影响;当温度从573 K升至1 233 K时,NiFe2O4陶瓷的电导率由0.099 S/cm提高到2.105 S/em;与NiFe2O4陶瓷相比,金属陶瓷的电导率有极大的提高,但二者随温度的变化趋势是一致的;1 233 K时,金属含量为5%Ni,5%Cu和4.25%Cu+0.75%Ni的NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷的电导率分别为20.576 S/cm,14.970 S/cm和18.797 S/cm,用作铝电解惰性阳极已能满足要求,但与当前铝电解碳素阳极材料相比还存在很大距离.     

热处理温度对NiFe2O4纳米粉末红外特性及磁性能的影响

采用溶胶—凝胶法制各了NiFeO4纳米粉末，并经不同温度处理。测定了样品的X射线衍射谱、红外漫反射光谱和磁性能。结果表明，200℃以上的热处理开始促进粉末的长大和晶化过程，而互随着温度的升高，晶化程度增强，粉末粒径增大。红外漫反射谱可以较好地反映粉末的尺寸效应和形态效应，粉末粒径越小，漫反射函数值越大；当粒径达到一定尺寸时，红外漫反射的尺寸效应和形态效应消失。NiFe2O4纳米粉末的磁性能与热处理温度及粉末的粒径大小有看十分密切的关系。     

Catalytic cycle of cytochrome-c3 hydrogenase,a [NiFe]-enzyme,deduced from the structures of the enzyme and the enzyme mimic

Hydrogenases catalyze uptake and production of H₂. Heterolytic cleavage of H₂ bound on [NiFe]-hydrogenase (E) produces two unequal H species to form E:H_aH_b, where H_a and H_b behave differently. The structures of various states of the enzyme established by crystallography and spectroscopy were used to construct a catalytic cycle of the enzyme. The Ni–Fe center of the active enzyme has the Ni–Fe bridging site vacant. The enzyme is suggested to bind H₂ either at Ni or Fe atom. In E:H_aH_b, H_a is considered to be a protein-bound hydron (proton or deuteron) at the entrance to the hydrophobic gas tunnel. The structure of a synthetic hydrogenase-mimic suggests H_b to be the 6th ligand to Fe. Two successive one-electron processes from E:H_aH_b complete the catalytic cycle of H₂ uptake. The reverse of the cycle operates in the H₂ production. The proposed catalytic cycle is consistent with the kinetic, crystallographic and spectroscopic studies.