Comparison of Three‐Dimensional Korean Male Anthropometric Data with Modeling Data Generated by Digital Human Models

The purpose of this study was first to extract the anthropometric data of typical Korean male adults, based on the three‐dimensional anthropometric data measured through the Size Korea project. The data were then analyzed to identify the differences in the anthropometric characteristics between typical Koreans and 3D Korean mannequinmannequins generated by digital human models. Revision equations were then suggested to improve the inaccuracy of digital human models. Typical Korean adults subject to the 3D body scan data were selected by factor analysis with respect to the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles. Comparisons of anthropometric differences included the differences of the height and length variables in the vertical direction and the breadth, depth, and circumference variables in the horizontal direction. These comparisons demonstrated the differences in the anthropometric characteristics between typical Koreans and Korean mannequins based on differences in body shape and proportions between Korean and Western populations. Typical Koreans have shorter legs and longer torso than those of such mannequins generated from their own modeling algorithms, and the body shape of Koreans is more of an inverted triangular shape compared to the models. Although 3D digital human models are required to be modified to appropriately reflect the Asian body shape, modification of the modeling algoritms is not available to the public. The revision equations that convert the Korean modeling data of RAMSIS and Human in CATIA into typical Korean anthropometric data were instead suggested by regression analysis. It is expected that the proposed revision equations will help the designer evaluate design alternatives and improve the suitability of ergonomic evaluation for Korean customers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

地质调查预算标准地区调整系数修订模式探索（增刊）

根据近十年地质调查预算标准地区调整系数跟踪评估意见,众多地质调查项目承担单位认为地区调整系数总体合理,满足地质调查项目预算管理的需要,但在个别地区存在一些系数不适应问题。本文梳理了地区调整系数的沿革,总结整理了地区调整系数使用中存在的问题,分析了影响地区费用支出差异因素,建立了地区调整系数修订加分模型,在此基础上提出了地区调整系数修订模式探索,为下一步开展地区调整系数修订测算工作打下基础。     

Study on Acknowledgement Assistant Inner Loop Power Control for CDMA2000 System

This paper proposes an acknowledgement assistant inner loop power control (AILPC), which still obeys power control command from receiver with regard of power adjustment direction, but adopts a flexible adjustment step based on extra information from ACK feedback. Positive ACK feedback happening earlier reflects better signal strength at receiver, so when transmitter is instructed to decrease power, a larger adjustment step can be adopted. To evaluate AILPC's performance, link-level simulation platform emulating CDMA2000 1X Rev.E downlink is established. AILPC is compared with conventional power control algorithm in terms of discrepancy between instantaneous power and target power.     

竣工测量成果应用于地形图更新的分析探讨

建设工程竣工后需要进行规划验收竣工测量,同时测绘主管部门为保持基础地理信息数据的现势性需要及时进行地形修补测。本文结合工作实际,从技术角度在分析了竣工测量与地形修补测差异性的基础上,探讨了用竣工测量成果进行地形图局部更新的可行性和流程,并得出了相关结论。     

Sub-micrometer particulate air pollution and cardiovascular mortality in Beijing, China

Background

While the link between particulate matter and cardiovascular mortality is well established, it is not fully investigated and understood which properties of the aerosol might be responsible for the health effects, especially in polluted mega-city areas.

Objectives

Our goal was to explore the association between daily cardiovascular mortality and different particle metrics in the sub-micrometer range in Beijing, China.

Methods

We obtained daily counts of cause-specific cardiovascular deaths in the Beijing urban area for the period March 2004 to August 2005. Concurrently, continuous measurements of particle number size distributions were performed. Particle number concentrations (NC) between 0.003 μm and 0.8 μm were converted to particle mass and surface area concentrations assuming spherical particles. Semi-parametric Poisson regression models adjusting for trend, seasonality, day of the week, and meteorology were used to estimate immediate, delayed and cumulative particle effects. Additionally, effect modification by air mass origin was investigated.

Results

We observed associations between daily cardiovascular mortality and particle NC for a 2-days delay. Moreover, nearly all particle metrics showed 2-days delayed associations with ischemic heart disease mortality. The strongest association was found for particle NC in the size range 0.03-0.1 μm (7.1% increase in daily mortality with a 95%-confidence interval of 2.9%-11.5%, per an increase of 6250 particles/cm³). Results for surface and mass concentrations with a lag of two days indicated effect modification by air mass origin, whereas effects of particle NC were not modified.

Conclusions

Results show an elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality in Beijing from short-term exposure to particulate air pollution in the sub-micrometer range. Results also indicate that locally produced smaller particles and regionally transported particles may exhibit different effects in Beijing.     

An Operational Approach to Belief Revision

A deduction system,called RE-proof system,is constructed for generating the revisions of first order belief sets.When a belief set is rejected by a given fact,all maximal subsets of the belief set consistent with the fact can be deduced from the proof system.The soundness and completeness of the RE-proof system are proved,which imply that there exists a resolution method to decide whether a revision retains a maximal subset of a belief set.     

Learning and revision in cognitive robotics disassembly automation

Disassembly is a key step for an efficient treatment of end-of-life (EOL) products. A principle of cognitive robotics is implemented to address the problem regarding uncertainties and variations in the automatic disassembly process. In this article, advanced behaviour control based on two cognitive abilities, namely learning and revision, are proposed. The knowledge related to the disassembly process of a particular model of product is learned by the cognitive robotic agent (CRA) and will be implemented when the same model has been seen again. This knowledge is able to be used as a disassembly sequence plan (DSP) and disassembly process plan (DPP). The agent autonomously learns by reasoning throughout the process. In case of an unresolved condition, human assistance is given and the corresponding knowledge will be learned by demonstration. The process can be performed more efficiently by applying a revision strategy that optimises the operation plans. As a result, the performance of the process regarding time and level of autonomy are improved. The validation was done on various models of a case-study product, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen.     

关于<高耸结构设计规范>修编若干问题的探讨

本文根据 10年来《高耸结构设计规范》(GBJ135 90 )的使用情况和科学研究基础 ,结合国家基本规范新一轮的修编状况 ,提出了此次《高耸结构设计规范》修编需修改和补充的若干条款     

Testing Information Order Effects in a Long Series of Evidence

Abstract:

This research investigates order effects in a long evidence series in a decision-making context. The article provides an application to practicing engineering managers, a detailed explanation of the belief revision model, extensions, competing theories, implications, and experimental findings. The belief revision model was tested in a long series context and found a significant recency effect, contrary to model predictions. The results suggest that the current belief revision model does not account for sequential manipulations, which affect mental effort. We recommend further investigation into the impact of mental effort and discuss the challenges that engineering managers face when trying to build knowledge to make decisions in information intensive environments.     

冲裁力及其修正系数

本文导出了理论冲裁力计算式，引入了修正系数和冲裁力综合修正系数，建立了实际冲裁力的计算模型，通过实例计算了归纳出了几条有益的结论。