Is construction procurement a key to sustainable development?

Has specialization of professional roles obstructed the holistic approach and sustainable development? A preliminary survey in Botswana involving construction professionals found that existing procurement systems have not integrated the efforts of the different project participants and also fail to fulfil the expectations of the users. A holistic approach involving the re-integration of construction disciplines by applying new procurement methods is proposed. An integrated, holistic way of working could provide a number of synergies through the consideration of the building project as an entire system. The implications include better decision making upstream, more efficient use of resources and the mitigation of negative environmental effects downstream.

La specialisation professionnelle est-elle un obstacle a l'approche globale et au developpement durable? Une etude preliminaire menee au Botswana et portant sur les metiers de la construction a revele que les systemes d'approvisionnement actuels n'integrent pas les efforts des differents participants a un projet et ne repondent pas aux attentes des utilisateurs. Cet article propose une approche globale dont le succes repose sur la reintegration de ces metiers et sur de nouvelles methodes d'approvisionnement. Une methode de travail integree et holistique, ou un projet de construction serait considere comme un systeme complet, pourrait faire naitre un certain nombre de synergies. Cette hypothese exige un meilleur processus decisionnel en amont une utilisation plus efficace des ressources et l'attenuation des effets negatifs sur l'environnement en aval.     

基于角色权限控制的党建应用

为了满足党建系统中对权限管理的灵活性要求,本文分析了党建应用系统的特征,将基于角色访问控制的基本思想引入到系统权限管理中,提出了一种在系统应用程序层实现基于角色的权限管理方案,使系统的权限管理更加简单、安全、高效,更加符合党建的业务管理规范.     

A large-scale multi-agent system for navy personnel distribution

In the US Navy, at the end of each sailor's tour of duty, he or she is assigned to a new job. The Navy employs some 280 people, called detailers, full time to effect these new assignments. The intelligent distribution agent (IDA) prototype was designed and built to automate, in a cognitively plausible manner, the job of the human detailers. That model is being redesigned to function as a multi-agent system. This is not a trivial matter due to the fact that there would need to be approximately 350 ‐ 000 individual agents. There are also many issues relating to how the agents interact and how all entities involved, including humans, exercise their autonomy. This paper describes both the IDA prototype and the multi-agent IDA system being created from it. We shall also discuss several of the major issues regarding the design, interaction and autonomy of the various agents involved.     

The Identification and Influence of Social Roles in a Social Media Product Community

This research focuses on the identification of social roles and an investigation of their influence in online context. Relying on a systemic approach for role conceptualization, we investigate member's activity, shared content and position in the network within a consumer to consumer social media‐based community (SMC) around a product. This investigation led to the identification of ten core roles, based on three key elements: object of interest (product, practice, and community), main contribution type (sharing information and seeking information), individual orientation (factual, emotional). We propose an explanation about how these roles, through their positioning, participate in the community dynamics and how they contribute to the creation and diffusion of cookery as a social practice, shaping the periphery around this practice.     

企业组工干部要做好“三类人”

组工干部要带头讲党性、重品行、作表率,推动企业发展,这是新时期历史赋予的重要责任。在工作生活中争当企业科学发展、持续发展、和谐发展的领头羊和排头兵,必须要当好党委决策的"参谋人",为党委决策提供"群众信得过、党委用得上、决策下得去"的重要信息,保证提出正确、合理、合法的建议;要当好党员干部的"娘家人",深入到党员干部中间,及时、准确掌握思想动态和工作情况,倾诉他们的心声,真心实意为党员干部解忧;要当好人才建设的"铺路人",善于发现人才、得到人才、用好人才,做到人适其位、位尽其能。     

一种B/S模式下基于角色的权限管理方案

针对开发“中小学管理信息系统”中安全管理的需要，提出了一种基于B／S开发模式下权限管理方案－匹配式权限认证模式，满足了大用户群体使用的系统权限管理的需求。     

基于角色的访问控制

信息安全技术领域一个非常重要的方面是访问控制。文章描述了近年提出的一种新的访问控制技术RBAC。详细介绍RBAC的基本要素及NIST的RBAC四层模型,讨论比较了RBAC模型与TCSEC中的MAC和DAC的区别,最后分析了NISTRBAC四层模型的一些不完善之处。     

Exploring the roles of portfolio steering committees in project portfolio governance

Governing project portfolios engages different actors in organizations including portfolio managers, portfolio officers, top managers, and others who may team up as portfolio steering committees. While portfolio steering committees play a regular role in project portfolio governance, their role is still unclear. Through an in-depth multiple case study in three Danish companies, the roles of portfolio steering committees were explored. The results showed that portfolio committees may play three distinct roles in portfolio governance: a) communication and consolidation role, b) negotiation role, and c) decision making role. The results challenged the notion that portfolio committee meetings are the place and time to make collective decisions on the portfolio, rather, portfolio steering committees might unintentionally become or intentionally be used for other purposes than decision making. The empirical evidence of the study proposes that these three roles might be related to two governance design factors: frequency and duration of committee meetings.     

面向ASP分布式服务模式的多级用户控制

针对四川区域中小制造业用户群对ASP的需求特点,分析了ASP分布式服务模式的原理及其三级异构平台间的功能交互特性。对三级异构服务平台体系中的多级用户角色的要求和特点进行了研究。提出了基于Web Service的多级用户管理和控制策略,并进行了详细设计和实现,其结果在区域网络化制造ASP服务三级服务平台得到实际应用。