又一个直下街28号：一种临摹中设计的可能性

临摹是学习传统书画必不可少的途径。从临摹中总结前人经验,创作也应运而生。这种看似枯燥但实则有效的方法也许能为我们学习和发扬传统建筑体系提供新的思路。本文以直下街28号为范本,通过理解它的形与神,寻找设计的另一种可能性。     

对山东省经济发展水平区域划分的探讨

区域经济差异是经济发展过程中出现的一个普遍的问题，它直接影响着社会的安定和人民的生活水平。本文采用因子分析和聚类分析相结合的方法，结合山东省的具体情况将总体分为发达地区、相对落后地区和异常地区三类。     

关于同源副词之异

本文从数学实践中总结归纳出约50对同源副词,按字母顺序进行排列,并从六个方面分析了这些易混淆的同源副词在意义和用法上的异同点,旨在帮助读者能更好地理解掌握并在语言实践中正确地加以应用。     

A uniform methodology for extracting type conflicts and subscheme similarities from heterogeneous databases

Cooperative Information Systems have been proposed to allow a uniform access to heterogeneous data yet preserving their operational autonomy. They use global dictionaries defined on the basis of interscheme properties; these include nominal and structural properties, type conflicts and object cluster similarities. Whereas in the literature a certain number of techniques has been proposed for deriving nominal and structural properties, few approaches exist for detecting type conflicts and object cluster similarities. The type of an object indicates if it is an entity, a relationship or an attribute; type conflicts indicate the existence of objects representing the same concept yet having different types. Object cluster similarities denote similitudes between portions of different schemes. This paper proposes an automatic, probabilistic approach to the detection of type conflicts and object cluster similarities in database schemes. The method we are proposing here is based on considering pairs of objects having different types (resp., pairs of clusters), belonging to different schemes and on measuring their similarity. To this purpose object (resp., cluster) structures as well as object (resp., cluster) neighborhoods are analyzed to verify similitudes and differences. A number of examples shows the suitability of our techniques to effectively detect type conflicts and object cluster similarities.     

牛顿积分与黎曼积分之异同

牛顿所积分的函数都是连续的,可分为牛顿不定积分和牛顿定积分,而黎曼所积分的函数又是有界的。因此,并不是每一个牛顿不定积分都可进行黎曼积分,并不是每个黎曼积分都存在牛顿不定积分,黎曼积分也并不能对每一个有界函数求定积分。只有连续函数在闭区间上的黎曼和牛顿不定积分与定积分都存在时方可积分。     

中外乳品工业建筑的异同

乳品工业建筑在工业建筑中具有很强的行业特征,近十几年来我国乳品业发生了巨大的变化,乳品生产量高速增长,乳品企业生产规模接近世界水平。乳品工业建筑的设计体现了现代工业建筑的特征,笔者近几年设计了二十多项乳品工业建筑,也访问了几家国外乳品工厂,经比较感受很深,中国乳品工业建筑的设计接受了世界乳品工业建筑的理念,同时由于文化、管理水平、设备技术、建筑标准的差异,中国乳品工业建筑也深深地烙上了中国特色。     

Similarities of pressure induced by separation bubble in grid-generated turbulent flow

Some existing wind-tunnel data on mean pressure and fluctuation pressure distributions, induced by a separation bubble near the leading edge of a blunt plate, in the presence of grid-generated freestream turbulence, are systematically analyzed in this paper. The mean pressure distributions, when expressed in reduced coordinates, are self-similar and may be approximated by the pressure variation induced by an inviscid rotational vortex hovering above a flat surface in uniform smooth flow. These coordinates are expressed in terms of characteristic parameters of the mean flow field and each parameter has been correlated with the longitudinal component of the turbulence intensity and scale non-dimensioned by the plate thickness. In analyzing the pressure fluctuation, a similar approach is used. The results from the rotational vortex are consistently useful when considering the leading portion of the bubble characterized by the location of maximum fluctuation. The remaining portion may be represented by an exponential function characterized by the turbulence intensity only. The outcome of this study may be used as a prediction method whose validity has been checked with experimental data.     

Similarities and distances in fuzzy regression modeling

We study the set of the solutions of a fuzzy regression model as a metric space. For each metric, we define a similarity ratio in order to compare the spaces of solutions of a fuzzy regression model. We prove that the similarity ratios, that can be extracted from these different metrics, are all the same as in [4]. As an application, we use the similarity ratio to produce fuzzy classification of models. A numerical example, involving economic data, is given.The research reported in this paper was carried out in the framework of MathInd Project     

从谚语比较看中日文化的异同

谚语是社会、经济、文化和思想的产物,是一个民族吸取自己优秀文化的结果.通过对不同国家谚语的比较,有助于全面、科学地看待和理解各国的历史文化、社会风俗和宗教伦理,缩短文化差异带来的距离,更好地掌握和运用语言.文章通过中日两国谚语意义的比较,阐述了两国在生活方式、历史背景、宗教信仰、社会结构、民族情趣等方面的异同.     

Using visual features to design a content-based image retrieval method optimized by particle swarm optimization algorithm

This paper presents a content-based image retrieval method using three kinds of visual features and 12 distance measurements, which is optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. For convenience, it is called the CBIRVP method hereafter. First, the CBIRVP method extracts three kinds of features: color, texture, and shape features of images. Subsequently, it employs appropriate distance measurements for each kind of features to calculate the similarities between a query image and others in the database D. Also, the PSO algorithm is utilized to optimize the CBIRVP method via searching for nearly optimal combinations between the features and their corresponding similarity measurements, as well as finding out the approximately optimal weights for three similarities with respect to three kinds of features. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that the CBIRVP method outperforms other existing methods under consideration here.