A Family of Far‐Infrared‐Transmitting Glasses in the Ga–Ge–Te System for Space Applications

Conditions of formation of bulk tellurium chalcogenide glasses, containing 70–80 at % Te associated to Ga and Ge are described. The characteristic temperatures are measured: the glass‐transition temperature, T_g, is situated in the range 140–185 °C and the difference T_x – T_g, where T_x is the onset crystallization temperature, is in the range 76–113 °C. Moreover, the optical transmission window is exceptional, ranging from 1.99 μm in the bandgap up to 28 μm in the phonon region. Developed within the framework of requirements for the Darwin mission (a search for and study of extrasolar planets), feasibility of infrared optical fibers formed from these glasses is studied. Drawing experiments are conducted with the glass Ga₂‐Ge₃Te₁₅, which possesses the maximum T_x – T_g, and a first optical fiber is presented.     

Microstructural Effects of Ion Implantation on Molybdenum

The effects of ion implantation and subsequent annealing on the microstructure of molybdenum have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The ions investigated were carbon, nitrogen, and tellurium. The ion-induced damage was found to give rise to grain boundary migration phenomena both during implantation and during subsequent annealing. Precipitation or ordering was found to occur for each ion on annealing.     

氢化物原子荧光法直接测定地质样品中痕量硒和碲

研究了采用氢化物原子荧光法同时对硒、碲进行直接测定的条件，拟定了适合于一般地质样品中痕量硒和碲的分析方法。     

Bi and Te thin films synthesized by galvanic displacement from acidic nitric baths

Bismuth (Bi) and tellurium (Te) thin films were formed by galvanic displacement of different sacrificial iron group thin films [i.e. nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe)] where the formation was systematically investigated by monitoring the change of open circuit potential (OCP), surface morphology and microstructure. The surface morphologies and crystal structures of galvanically displaced Bi or Te thin films strongly depended on the type and thickness of the sacrificial materials. Continuous Bi thin films were successfully deposited with the sacrificial Co. However, dendrites and nanoplatelets were formed from the Ni and Fe thin films. Te thin films were synthesized with all the three sacrificial thin films. Chemical dissolution rate of the sacrificial thin films and mixed potential strongly influenced formation of Bi or Te thin films.     

纯锌中痕量碲的测定

纯锌样品经酸溶解后在6mol／L的HCl中用次亚磷酸钠将Te（Ⅳ）还原为单质Te,与锌基体及其它杂质分离后,在氨性酒石酸钾钠-Pb—EDTA溶液中进行极谱测定。该方法的检出限为2×10^-3μg／mL,平均相对偏差不大于5％。     

Intrinsic defect complexes in CdTe and ZnTe

Radiation defects in CdTe and ZnTe are modeled from first principles. The most important intrinsic defects resulting from cation evaporation or displacement are cation vacancies and tellurium anti-sites, electrically active defects characterized by a low formation energy. The reactions between those two defects are investigated. Since cation vacancy clusters of less than four vacancies are not stable, it is argued that cation vacancy aggregation is not a dominant process in near-equilibrium conditions. In-grown or radiation-induced clusters of four cation vacancies may serve as a nucleation center for tellurium precipitation. The formation energy of these small voids is lower in ZnTe than in CdTe. Additionally, cation-anion divacancies are stable in ZnTe and in p-type CdTe.     

Absorption effect of pure nickel on the corrosion behaviors of the GH3535 alloy in tellurium vapor

In this study,pure Ni was demonstrated to pro-tect the GH3535 alloy from Te vapor corrosion because of its strong absorption capacity.Severe Te corrosion of a single GH3535 alloy sample occurred in Te vapor at 700℃,which manifested as complex surface corrosion products and deep intergranular cracks.However,when pure Ni and the GH3535 alloy were put together in the vessel,the GH3535 alloy was completely protected from Te corrosion at the expense of the pure Ni.Thermody-namic calculations proved that the preferential reaction between pure Ni and Te vapor reduced the activity of Te vapor considerably,preventing the corrosion of the GH3535 alloy.Our study reveals one potential approach for protecting the alloys used in molten-salt reactors from Te corrosion.     

Real-time pixel based early apple bruise detection using short wave infrared hyperspectral imaging in combination with calibration and glare correction techniques

High speed data processing for online food quality inspection using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is challenging as over hundred spectral images have to be analyzed simultaneously. In this study, a real-time pixel based early apple bruise detection system based on HSI in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) range has been developed. This systems consists of a novel, homogeneous SWIR illumination unit and a line scan camera. The system performance was tested on Jonagold apples bruised less than two hours before scanning. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used to discriminate bruised pixel spectra from sound pixel spectra. As the glossiness of many fruit and vegetables limits the accuracy in the detection of defects, several reflectance calibrations and pre-processing techniques were compared for glare correction and maximizing the signal to noise ratio. With the best combination of first derivative and mean centering, followed by image post-processing, this system was able to detect fresh bruises in thirty apples with 98% accuracy at the pixel level with a processing time per apple below 200 ms.     

碲在铜阳极泥处理过程中的分布及对白银质量的影响

结合金昌冶炼厂铜阳极泥综合回收过程中 ,由于元素碲所具有的两性特性和易分散的特点 ,碲的含量直接影响白银质量的实际情况 ,考查了碲在各种介质条件下赋存状态、变化及走向。单个流程碲脱除率波动于 2 6%～ 80 %之间 ;在电解精炼前 ,其脱除率可达 99%以上 ,但在电解过程中 ,由于工艺原料的差异 ,碲的脱除率达 90 %或者只有 10 %～ 3 0 %。本文同时探讨了碲对白银质量的影响程度和进一步提高白银质量所采取的一些措施     

溶出伏安法测定碲的概况

本文评述了溶出伏安法用于测定痕量碲的进展情况,其主要分析方法分为阳极溶出伏安法和阴极溶出伏安法。引用国内外文献39篇。