UML用例图在软件工程中的步骤设计研究

用例图作为uml的一种建模图形广泛应用在面向对象软件系统开发过程中,首先,界定了用例图在软件开发周期模型中的应用,接着,以“中国证券交易系统”中“上市公司股票发行”子用例图设计为例,详细描述了功能用例子图的绘制过程,然后,对整个软件系统的用例图的绘制过程进行了描述,给出了待开发系统的整体用例图.     

The reliability estimation, prediction and measuring of component-based software

Reliability is a key driver of safety-critical systems such as health-care systems and traffic controllers. It is also one of the most important quality attributes of the systems embedded into our surroundings, e.g. sensor networks that produce information for business processes. Therefore, the design decisions that have a great impact on the reliability of a software system, i.e. architecture and components, need to be thoroughly evaluated. This paper addresses software reliability evaluation during the design and implementation phases; it provides a coherent approach by combining both predicted and measured reliability values with heuristic estimates in order to facilitate a smooth reliability evaluation process. The approach contributes by integrating the component-level reliability evaluation activities (i.e. the heuristic reliability estimation, model-based reliability prediction and model-based reliability measuring of components) and the system-level reliability prediction activity to support the incremental and iterative development of reliable component-based software systems. The use of the developed reliability evaluation approach with the supporting tool chain is illustrated by a case study. The paper concludes with a summary of lessons learnt from the case studies.