Factive Presuppositions, Accommodation and Information Structure

There are three ways to refer to a fact from the complement of afactive verb: (1) Via abstract object anaphoric reference, or, witha full sentential complement that will be interpreted either (2) asa bound presupposition or (3) as triggering a presupposition of afact that will have to be accommodated. Spoken corpus examplesreveal that these three possibilities differ in relation to thetype of information they tend to contribute, and this has twoeffects. First, the information status of the fact and its role inthe discourse seem to affect the preference for one constructionover another in a particular context. Second, presupposed factivecomplements that need to be accommodated tend to be hearer-new andthe focus of the utterance, meaning that information structureseems to contribute to the felicity of accommodation ofpresupposed facts.     

Accommodation and convergence in integral imaging 3D display

In this paper, we analyze the visual fatigue of integral imaging three‐dimensional (3D) display by studying the accommodation and convergence when viewing the integral imaging 3D images. The theoretical analyses show that there is no inconsistency between the accommodation and convergence distances, which means that the integral imaging 3D display has no visual fatigue. Experiments are implemented, and the results finally demonstrate the rationality of the theoretical analyses. These analyses can be quite beneficial for researchers to better understand the performances and promote the practical applications of the integral imaging 3D display.     

Measurement of minimum angle of resolution (MAR) in the stereoscopic display using the optotype of stereoscopic stimuli

In stereoscopic images, the crossing point of the viewing directions of the two eyes determines the perceived depth. Assuming that accommodation is affected by the positions of the crossing point, the effect of crossing point on minimum angle of resolution (MAR) was investigated. For 40 participants, MAR was measured by two‐alternative forced choice where Snellen optotype E of up and down directions were used as two kinds of stimuli. As the crossing point of the viewing direction of the left and right eyes moves farther from the sample display, the ability to identify the direction of letter E decreases at the optotype of the same line thickness. The change of MAR shows linear trends with respect to the optical power change that are the reciprocal of the distance from the participant to the crossing points located out of screen and on screen.     

Temperature and grain size dependence of superplasticity in a Zn−0.3wt.%Al alloy

The superplastic deformation behavior of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt. %Al was investigated. A series of load relaxation and tensile tests was conducted at various temperatures ranging from RT (20 °C) to 200 °C. The recently proposed internal variable theory of structural superplasticity was applied. The flow curves obtained from load relaxation tests were shown to consist of contributions from interface sliding (IS) and accommodating plastic deformation. In the case of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt.% Al alloy with an average agrain size of 1 μm, the IS behavior could be described as a viscous flow process characterized by a power index of M_g=0.5. A large elongation of about 1400% was obtained at room temperature and the strain rate sensitivity parameter was about 0.4. Although relatively large-grained (10 μm) single phase alloy showed a high value of strain rate sensitivity comparable to that of fine-grained alloy at very low strain rate range, IS was not expected from the analysis based on the internal variable theory of structural superplasticity at room temperature. As the temperature increased above 100 °C, however, the contribution from IS was observed at a very low strain rate range. A high elongation of ∼400% was obtained in a specimen of 10-μm-grain-size at 200 °C under a strain rate of 2×10⁻⁴/sec. Jointly appointed at Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials (CAAM)     

基于分时电价模式的分布式风-光联合发电系统功率消纳模型研究

分时电价的方法能反映用电负荷的市场化行为,指引用户的用电时段,同时也可促进分布式可再生能源的消纳利用。基于用电负荷三段式分类方法,本文提出了分时电价机制下分布式风-光联合发电系统接入配网系统的功率消纳模型。该模型采用配网系统对内分时电价的方式来提高分布式风-光联合系统的并网消纳功率,并结合模拟退火算法对模型进行优化求解。最后通过仿真算例验证了本方法促进分布式风-光联合发电系统功率消纳、配网系统和用户取得双赢效果的可行性。     

电-热-氢综合能源系统鲁棒区间优化调度

该文采用鲁棒区间法挖掘电-热综合能源系统协调运行的潜力,以缓解风电功率的不确定性对电力系统的运行稳定性的影响,并构建风力发电与氢储能系统相结合的风-氢混合系统,考虑氢储能系统的热平衡需求,以充分发挥氢储能系统的储能效率,平抑风电的波动性。首先,介绍了考虑氢储能系统接入的电-热综合能源系统结构,并构建其数学模型;然后,以区间形式考虑风电的不确定性,构建含风电的鲁棒区间优化调度模型,使系统在所有风电出力允许区间内,均满足允许约束条件;再次,建立一种含风-氢混合系统的电-热综合能源系统鲁棒区间优化调度模型,采用对偶理论将原模型转化为单层模型进行求解,最坏情况下的风电不平衡功率由可调机组根据时变参与因子进行调整;最后,以PJM-5节点电力系统与6节点热力系统和辽宁省北部太和综合能源系统为例对所提模型进行分析,验证了模型的有效性。     

Measuring the degree of eyestrain caused by watching LCD and PDP devices

In this paper, we propose a new way of measuring the degree of eyestrain caused by watching LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and PDP (Plasma Display Panel) devices. In the experiments, we used a head-mounted eye capturing device and an illumination setup that was designed to avoid specular reflections caused by glasses or contact lenses. Using the captured eye images, we analyzed the eye blinking and changes of pupil sizes (pupil accommodation), using a real-time image processing algorithm. Then we analyzed the degree of eyestrain based on the calculated blinking rate and the pupil accommodation speed. The proposed method offers five improvements over previous methods. First, we perform a comparative analysis of LCD and PDP devices based on the degree of eyestrain. Second, to analyze the degree of eyestrain, we use quantitative data such as the blinking rate and the pupil accommodation speed. Third, we measure the accurate eye blinking and changes of pupil sizes by using high-resolution and zoomed eye image sequences. Fourth, since the camera and illuminative system are based on a specular reflective model, the proposed method can be used with subjects that wear glasses or contact lenses. Fifth, the proposed method is performed at real-time speed.Experimental results showed that the degree of eyestrain when watching LCD devices was greater than that when watching PDP devices.

Relevance to industry

In the large display industry, LCD and PDP devices have become more and more prevalent. In the past, LCD devices have been compared to PDP devices in terms of factors such as spatial resolution, brightness, contrast levels, etc. To perform more accurate comparisons based on human factor, we are proposing a new way of comparing LCD to PDP devices based on the degree of eyestrain.     

低可容空间河流三角洲沉积层序与聚煤模式

为了揭示低可容空间河流三角洲沉积背景下层序发育及聚煤特征,以鲁西南二叠系山西组为例进行了层序地层和聚煤作用研究.识别出强制海退(BFSR)造成的陆表侵蚀不整合面(SU)及其对应的整合面(CC*)、河流侵蚀面(RES)、古土壤层(PSS)、最大海退面(MRS)、海泛面(FS)、最大海泛面(MFS)7种层序界面,将煤系划分为12个准层序(2种准层序类型)、2个四级层序、1个三级层序,提出了低可容空间沉积背景下河流三角洲沉积体系聚煤模式.结果表明:低可容空间河流三角洲沉积背景下基准面与沉积界面基本一致,准层序以侵蚀面和海泛面为界并主要沉积于基准面上升半旋回;绝对海平面下降速率超过基底沉降速率是层序边界形成的主要驱动力;平面上聚煤中心位于下三角洲平原和间湾湖泊环境,指出剩余可容空间大小及新增可容空间产生速率是泥炭沉积的关键因素.     

An Exploratory Examination of Student Attitudes Toward "Impaired" Peers in Clinical Psychology Training Programs.

Do psychology students view their training programs as doing enough to appropriately identify, accommodate, and possibly dismiss students who manifest significant impairment? This study reports the general findings of an exploratory survey distributed to clinical psychology graduate students. Overall, students viewed impairment as a highly sensitive and inadequately addressed issue. Students commonly reported frustration with and concern for impaired colleagues. A few respondents indicated that the terms impaired and problem student were insensitive and that greater attention needed to be given to "impaired" training contexts. Implications regarding formal standards for interpersonal functioning and programmatic supports for students are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于非时序模型的新能源消纳能力评估方法

随着风电和光伏装机容量的快速增长,弃风和弃光问题日益突出,开展新能源消纳能力研究,建立消纳能力量化评估体系对电网调度的运行和控制工作有着重要的意义。文中提出了一种基于非时序分析模型的新能源消纳能力量化评估方法。该方法基于概率分析理论,首先利用阿基米德Copula函数构建了新能源理论出力的概率分布,通过负荷特性构建了系统新能源消纳空间的概率分布,进而得到了系统新能源弃电功率的概率分布。然后,再通过新能源弃电功率的概率分布计算得到新能源弃电率,评估系统的新能源消纳能力。最后,基于EPRI 36机组系统验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性,并分析了负荷、新能源装机容量、常规机组调峰率以及备用水平对弃电率的影响。