Crowding as an Agronomic Factor Determining the Development of Plants and the Productivity of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

ABSTRACT

Nine sowing densities of linseed were compared in a two-year experiment. Self-regulation of the density of a linseed stand resulted in a differentiated branching of the plants. The number of capsules on a linseed shoot, as well as seeds in the capsule, and the number of seeds from the shoot were highly varied from year to year, and there is even a stronger differentiation in the weight of 1000 seeds. Linear relationships were noted between the mass of seeds from the linseed plant and the number of capsules. The yield of linseed was affected by both factors. An increasing sowing rate reduced the seed yield from the shoot and the plant. At lower seeding rates, the lateral shoots contributed in the seeds yield of the plant to a higher degree compared to the main ones.     

Entry into force of the UN Watercourses Convention: why should it matter?

The United Nations Watercourses Convention entered into force on 17 August 2014, following a long and complex journey that dates back to 1970 when the UN referred the matter to its legal arm, the International Law Commission. This article follows the Convention through that long and turbulent road, examines its main provisions and analyses the reasons for the delay of its entry into force. It concludes by answering the question of why entry into force of the Convention should indeed matter.     

一类两性分枝过程条件均值增长率的极限性质

本文主要研究随机环境中配对依赖人口数两性 Galton-Watson 分枝过程的条件均值增长率的极限性质．利用上可加函数的性质，得到配对单元平均增长率的极限性质和该过程条件均值的上界和下界．文中给出了关于过程条件均值增长率的两个序列，利用配对单元平均增长率的性质，获得了这两个序列的极限性质．随机环境中配对依赖人口数两性分枝过程比较复杂，本文的结论推广了现有的研究成果．     

相关条件下基于N-P准则的分布式检测理论研究

本文针对并行网络、二元局部判决的情况,研究了在相关条件下基于N-P准则的分布式检测融合算法,给出了在联合概率密度已知和未知两种情况下的最优融合规则的理论推导及相应的解决方案,并在实验仿真的基础上,得到了部分有益的结论。     

WCDMA系统接口信令消息的描述与实现

WCDMA作为第三代移动通信系统的主流标准，能够提供多种类型的多媒体服务。为了实现各种用户平面数据的传输，系统会提前通过控制平面对所需的无线资源进行分配。由于配置过程是通过接口之间发送控制平面应用协议消息来实现的，因此能否正确有效地对信令消息进行编解码成为保证系统稳定工作的关键因素。3GPP标准中，ASN．1语言被用来描述接口信令消息。首先简要介绍了WCDMA系统结构以及主要接口协议，重点描述了ASN．1存在的意义及其编解码规则，最后给出了基于ASN．1的开发环境下应用层网络协议的开发流程。     

Data structure and algorithms for fast automatic differentiation

In this paper we discuss the data structure and algorithms for the direct application of generalized Leibnitz rules to the numerical computation of partial derivatives in forward mode. The proposed data structure provides constant time access to the partial derivatives, which accelerates the automatic differentiation computations. The interaction among elements of the data structure is explained by several numerical examples. The paper contains analysis of the developed data structure and algorithms. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于小波变换的不同融合规则的图像融合研究

图像融合是一种重要的增强图像信息的方法。提出了一种基于多尺度分解的像素图像融合方法。利用小波变换按照不同融合规则及融合算子构造融合图像对应的小波系数。通过对可见光图像与红外图像进行融合的实验比较表明，以像素的局部能量为准则的融合效果更好，既可避免传统融合规则的信息损失，又提高了融合图像的空间分辨率和清晰度，融合图像更符合人的视觉特性，也有利于机器视觉。     

Heterogeneous chain propagation in low-pressure flames

An analysis of papers on hydrogen combustion at low pressures is performed, which refines the contribution of the catalytic reactions on the reactor wall to the gas-phase part of the process. A new model for the heterogeneous loss of active reaction centers was proposed and tested experimentally to explain inconsistencies that occur in some papers. In this model, the diffusion region of chain termination is formed under standard experimental conditions in vacuum oxyhydrogen flames at a reactor gas pressure a thousand times lower than the boundary pressure postulated by the previous models as the pressure below which the diffusion region of chain termination cannot be formed. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 10–18, March–April, 2006.     

Threshold and growth mechanism of fatigue cracks under mode II and III loadings

ABSTRACT The fatigue crack growth behaviour of 0.47% carbon steel was studied under mode II and III loadings. Mode II fatigue crack growth tests were carried out using specially designed double cantilever (DC) type specimens in order to measure the mode II threshold stress intensity factor range, ΔK_IIth. The relationship ΔK_IIth > ΔK_Ith caused crack branching from mode II to I after a crack reached the mode II threshold. Torsion fatigue tests on circumferentially cracked specimens were carried out to study the mechanisms of both mode III crack growth and of the formation of the factory‐roof crack surface morphology. A change in microstructure occurred at a crack tip during crack growth in both mode II and mode III shear cracks. It is presumed that the crack growth mechanisms in mode II and in mode III are essentially the same. Detailed fractographic investigation showed that factory‐roofs were formed by crack branching into mode I. Crack branching started from small semi‐elliptical cracks nucleated by shear at the tip of the original circumferential crack.     

基于Apriori算法改进的关联规则提取算法

通过对Apriori算法的基本思想和性能的研究分析，认为Apriori算法存在一些不足。并且根据这些不足提出了相应的改进算法对Apriori算法进行优化，从而得到一种改进的Apriori算法，与原算法相比运算效率大大提高。