Assessment of Anger and Aggression in Male Offenders With Developmental Disabilities.

Systematic assessment of anger among people with developmental disabilities has been lacking, especially for hospital inpatients. Reliability and validity of anger self-report psychometric scales were investigated with 129 male patients, mostly forensic. Anger prevalence and its relationship to demographic, cognitive, and personality variables and to hospital assaultive behavior were examined. High internal and intermeasure consistency, and some concurrent validity with staff ratings, were found. Retrospective validity regarding physically assaultive behavior in the hospital was obtained. Hierarchical regressions revealed that patient-reported anger was a significant predictor of assaults postadmission, controlling for age, length of stay, IQ, violence offense history, and personality variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Development of a fuzzy decision model for manufacturability evaluation

A manufacturability evaluation decision model is formulated and analyzed based on fuzzy logic and multiple attribute decision-making under the concurrent engineering environment. The study emphasizes on the treatment of the linguistic and vagueness at the early product development stage. The study also considers the function integration of the total life cycle of a product. Hence, the integrated decision model covers the multi-level, multi-goal requirements of the products. Multiple criteria such as the goal space, the decision space, the function space, the development (i.e., product & process design) space, and the activity space, are then applied under different analysis of decision-making methods. For instances, the fuzzy multiple attribute decision-making (FMADM) combined with activity-based costing (ABC) can be used in the activity decision space. The fuzzy logic decision model can be applied in the goal decision space. The results of this study point out the importance of early decision making capability. An example of a high-pressure vessel is provided to demonstrate the proposed model for evaluating the manufacturability.     

Psychosocial treatment of the addictions: General issues facing psychologists.

Treatment of the addictions is changing. Psychosocial treatment programs and research projects have changed the way helping professionals view, treat, and prevent drug abuse. This article reviews the contributions included in this special series; they encompass several general issues facing psychologists who conduct treatment, research, and teaching in the field of addictive behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Boys and violence: A gender-informed analysis.

This article discusses the phenomenon of youth violence from a psychology of gender perspective. Although other factors are discussed--including gun availability, violence-related media influence, family and caretaker factors, and effects of teasing and bullying--the intention is to highlight new thinking on the potential relationship between boys' traditional masculine socialization experiences and violence. In this new perspective, traditional masculine socialization estranges and isolates many boys from their genuine inner lives and vital connections to others, which is theorized to heighten their risk of engaging in acts of violence. The authors identify school and community programs that may be helpful in counteracting damaging socialization experiences and supporting boys' healthier emotional and psychological development. Finally, the article discusses approaches that psychologists and other mental health professionals can use to help address this vital issue. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

根本技术创新产品需求的获取及评价研究

根本技术创新对企业的发展具有决定性的意义。并对工程作为现代产品开发中新发展的系统化方法，在应用其对根本技术创新产品需求搜集及评价时，出现了满足顾客需求和创造顾客需求、资源需求与技术创新、理性决策与非理性决策、企业文化与技术创新等之间的矛盾。本文对产生这些矛盾的原因进行了分析，提出了相应的解决办法。     

The problem of definition expansion and contraction

This article is the fourth of a series of articles discussing various open research problems in automated reasoning. The problem proposed for research focuses on finding criteria that would enable an automated reasoning program to expand or contract definitions wisely. For evaluating a proposed solution to this research problem, we include suggestions concerning possible test problems.This work was supported by the Applied Mathematical Sciences subprogram of the Office of Energy Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract W-31-109-Eng-38.     

A Tale of Two Cities: Financing Two Voucher Programs for Substance Abusers Through Community Donations.

Voucher-based reinforcement therapy (VBRT) is an effective drug abuse treatment, but the cost of VBRT rewards has limited its dissemination. Obtaining VBRT incentives through donations may be one way to overcome this barrier. Two direct mail campaigns solicited donations for use in VBRT for pregnant, postpartum, and parenting drug users in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and in Los Angeles, California. In Toronto, 19% of those contacted over 2 months donated $8,000 ($4,000/month) of goods and services. In Los Angeles, nearly 26% of those contacted over 34 months donated $161,000 ($4,472/month) of goods and services. Maintaining voucher programs by soliciting donations is feasible and sustainable. The methods in this article can serve as a guide for successful donation solicitation campaigns. Donations offer an alternative for obtaining VBRT rewards for substance abuse treatment and may increase its dissemination. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An agent-based framework for cooperating expert systems in concurrent engineering

This paper describes an agent-based framework with a tandem integration architecture for cooperating distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous concurrent engineering systems. The approach has been experimented with using the prototype AGENTS system. It is demonstrated that design tools can be dynamically connected and configured to construct highly complex systems on an incremental basis, designing and proving one system at a time without bothering the rest. A major advantage of the approach is the balance between the interoperability and the autonomy of individual systems.     

Energy and comfort: A new type for TRNSYS

Two subroutines have been developed which permit users of the TRNSYS programme to calculate the parameters of ambiental comfort (PMV and PPD).The first subroutine deals with the calculation of the view factors inside a room for all the values of the spatial coordinates and, thus, permits the average radiant temperature to be calculated in every position. The second subroutine has been developed in accordance with the indications of the ISO 7730 standard.Both subroutines have been validated and then interfaced to TRNSYS.The integrated programme has been utilised to compare the performances of different heating systems in terms of energy consumption and comfort, maintaining the temperature of the interior constant for different climatic conditions.