不同段数爆破地震波的反应谱分析

为了研究段数对反应谱特性的影响,基于某石方控制爆破工程爆破振动实测数据,对不同段数爆破振动信号进行了反应谱分析。首先,利用实测的爆破振动速度信号采用直接微分法获得了加速度信号,并利用EEMD分解对加速度信号进行低通滤波去噪处理,获得了准确清晰的加速度曲线。然后,利用精确法求得了不同段数下爆破振动信号的速度反应谱和标准速度反应谱。分析结果表明:不同段数的爆破振动质点峰值速度与速度反应谱的峰值速度并不存在对应关系,因此分段数的选择应综合考虑结构对爆破振动的动态响应。     

A New Matlab De-noising Algorithm for Signal Extraction

The goal of a de-noising algorithm is to reconstruct a signal from its noise-corrupted observations. Perfect reconstruction is seldom possible and performance is measured under a given fidelity criterion. In a recent work, the authors addressed a new Matlab algorithm for de-noising. A key method of the algorithm is selecting an optimal basis from a library of wavelet bases for ideal de-noising. The algorithm with an optimal basis from a library of wavelet bases for de-noising was created through making use of Matlab＇s Wavelet Toolbox. The experimental results show that the new algorithm is efficient in signal de-nosing.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的声波测距系统消噪处理

针对声波测距系统噪声复杂,淹没在噪声中的回波难以检测的问题,以机器统计学习理论为基础,采用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立系统模型,实现了声波测距系统异常值的预测和噪声的消除,并与传统的时间序列分析方法建立的自回归滑动平均求和模型(ARIMA)的消噪效果进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明,利用最小二乘支持向量机建立的模型预测精度高,能有效地抑制声波测距系统中的噪声。     

Super-Resolution image Reconstruction Based on Iteration and Wavelet Transform

In this paper, we provide a super-resolution image reconstruction algorithm based on wavelet transform. Wavelet transform can separate high frequency and low frequency information of image. The more high frequency information can be obtained by using wavelet transform and the technique of image fusion. Meanwhile, reconstructed super-resolution image is produced by the iterative method. In iteration process, noise of image can be suppressed by applying method of wavelet threshold de-noising. The experiment results show that the algorithm can overcome the disadvantage of the classical interpolation method and effectively improve the resolution and PSNR of the image.     

一种基于相关方法的改进小波图像去噪算法

传统小波阈值法去噪方法在阈值选取上存在不确定性,为解决这一问题,提出采用小波相关方法,对图像噪声进行处理。在进行小波变换时,首先基于小波多方向框架理论进行图像分割,通过对多方向组合进行小波变换,最后对小波重构结果取中值得到去噪图像。该方法在处理具有方向特征的图像时,可以很好地消除Gibbs效应,与传统方法相比去噪结果具有明显改善。     

改进的相控阵雷达信号检测方法

针对传统雷达信号检测方法对相控阵雷达信号检测概率较低的问题,提出了一种结合小波降噪和极值序列法的信号检测方法。该方法采用小波阈值降噪法对雷达信号进行预处理,以提高侦收信号的信噪比,利用极值序列法在高信噪比下检测精度较高的优势,完成对信号的准确检测和参数的精确估计。仿真结果表明,与传统检测方法相比,该方法在低信噪比下对相控阵雷达信号的检测概率平均提高21.8%。     

一种改进小波阈值函数的光纤光栅传感信号去噪方法

光纤布拉格光栅( FBG)传感信号中存在的噪声严重影响了其中心波长的检测精度,因此必须进行去噪处理。本文针对传统的小波软、硬阈值函数去噪的不足,提出了一种改进的对数阈值函数,并确定了最优的小波基和分解尺度。仿真表明,本文提出的改进阈值函数去噪后信噪比( SNR)较大,均方根误差( RMSE)较小,其中信噪比比传统的软、硬阈值方法提高了1.5 dB~4 dB。最后通过实验验证了本文方法的去噪效果。     

一种基于小波去噪的DFT信道估计改进算法

针对小波去噪与DFT插值相结合的信道估计算法没有对循环前缀内的噪声进行去噪的缺点,提出了一种基于小波去噪与改进的DFT插值相结合的信道估计新算法。该算法首先利用离散小波变换对最小二乘(LS)法估计出的结果进行阈值去噪处理,并根据循环前缀内、外噪声方差的均值在DFT插值的过程中设置相应门限,然后对循环前缀内的噪声再次处理,以进一步减小噪声的影响。仿真实验结果表明,在复杂度基本不变的前提下,该算法能够较好地减小加性高斯白噪声的影响,并有效提升信道估计的准确度,其总体性能较小波去噪与DFT插值相结合的信道估计算法更优。     

小波阈值与小波包对南水北调工程防渗墙监测数据去噪有效性研究

以南水北调北京段大宁水库防渗墙加高施工工程为背景,基于小波包变换去噪法和小波变换阀值去噪法,对现场监测数据进行了消噪处理,比较了两者在工程实际中的应用效果。研究表明,对防渗墙工程安全监测数据,小波包的处理结果更为理想,能够更有效地去除噪音突变信号,保留原始有用信号的突变点,使重构信号能够更光滑地重现原始信号,其去噪法性能比小波变换阀值去噪法更佳,具有更好的实际应用价值。研究结论为后期更加准确地评价防渗墙施工期间的变形和进行墙体长期稳定性分析提供重要依据,研究方法可为类似工程提供参考。     

Image Super Resolution and Enhancement Using E-spline

E-splines （Exponential spline） polynomials represent the best smooth transition between continuous and discrete domains. As they are constructed from convolution of exponential segments, there are many degrees of freedom to optimally choose the most convenient E-spline, suitable for a specific application. In this paper, the parameters of these E-splines were optimally chosen, to enhance the performance of image zooming and interpolation schemes. The proposed technique is based on minimizing the total variation function of the detail coefficients of the E-spline based wavelet decomposition. In zooming applications, the quality of interpolated images are further improved and sharpened by applying ICA technique to them, in order to remove any dependency. Illustrative examples are given to verify image enhancement of the proposed E-spline scheme, when compared with the existing approaches.