由粗到精的虹膜图像离焦模糊评价方法

离焦模糊评价在虹膜识别系统中尤为重要。传统的方法是通过频谱分析测量虹膜图像的离焦模糊程度,这类方法容易受到光照变化以及睫毛和眼皮等噪声区域的影响。提出了一种由粗到精的虹膜图像离焦模糊评价方法。第一步,通过频谱分析去除严重模糊的虹膜图像,进行虹膜图像离焦模糊粗分类。第二步,通过方向金字塔分解,提取虹膜图像的质量特征。在人工合成的离焦模糊虹膜图像数据库中,利用径向基神经网络建立起质量特征与质量等级间的对应关系。通过建立起的模型进行实际的虹膜图像离焦模糊等级预测,以及虹膜图像离焦模糊精分类。在Clarkson数据库上的实验结果证明了该方法不仅可以准确区分清晰图像和离焦模糊图像,而且相比于传统的虹膜图像离焦评价方法更接近于人的视觉感知。     

Rational Filters for Passive Depth from Defocus

A fundamental problem in depth from defocus is the measurement of relative defocus between images. The performance of previously proposed focus operators are inevitably sensitive to the frequency spectra of local scene textures. As a result, focus operators such as the Laplacian of Gaussian result in poor depth estimates. An alternative is to use large filter banks that densely sample the frequency space. Though this approach can result in better depth accuracy, it sacrifices the computational efficiency that depth from defocus offers over stereo and structure from motion. We propose a class of broadband operators that, when used together, provide invariance to scene texture and produce accurate and dense depth maps. Since the operators are broadband, a small number of them are sufficient for depth estimation of scenes with complex textural properties. In addition, a depth confidence measure is derived that can be computed from the outputs of the operators. This confidence measure permits further refinement of computed depth maps. Experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real scenes to evaluate the performance of the proposed operators. The depth detection gain error is less than 1%, irrespective of texture frequency. Depth accuracy is found to be 0.51.2% of the distance of the object from the imaging optics.     

一种离焦模糊图像的复原方法

图像复原是一种去除或减轻在获取数字图像过程中发生的图像质量下降的方法.为了获得更好的离焦图像复原质量,在通过对离焦模糊图像复原进行了较为系统的研究后,提出了一种基于维纳滤波频域的复原方法,结果表明该方法具有较好的改善图像复原效果和较快的速度.图像散焦信息的干扰得到有效排除,噪声得到有效抑制,信噪比得到明显改善.     

离焦和球差效应对高分辨率电镜性能参数的影响

从离焦效应和球差效应出发，分析了它们对高分辨率电子显微镜分辨率和通带宽度的影响。得出了最佳欠焦量下分辨率与球差系数和电子波长的关系．在最佳欠焦条件下，分辩率与球差系数的-1/4次方成正比，与电子波长的-3/4次方成正比，通带宽度随欠焦量绝对值的增大而减小．     

基准离焦偏差控制技术

一种新的采用基准离焦信号的针孔调焦方案,用于激光直写的自动对焦子系统。通过在离焦曲线上提取参考离焦信号,建立基准离焦判据,它能容易地区分前离焦或后离焦,有效地克服了原有针孔调焦方案难于根据离焦信号来分辨离焦方向的弱点。借助微处理器和模拟电路实现了这一方案,并因此获得了均匀的1靘线宽的线条。     

集成成像技术的像质评价分析

为了研究集成成像非共轭面的成像质量,根据光线追迹原理分析透镜阵列的成像过程,指出三维成像原理并给出不同离焦量下的轴截面成像分辨率;从波动光学角度分析包含离焦波像差的透镜阵列光学传递(OTF),得到集成成像系统的非共轭面调制传递函数(MTF)并指出与单透镜共轭面成像的联系.根据非共轭面分辨率给出符合视觉要求的显示深度计算方法.采用投影仪与菲涅尔透镜搭建显示面积为100×750 mm2的集成成像显示系统,实验结果表明,集成成像轴截面成像分辨率在离焦量增大的情况下迅速下降,非共轭面像质是制约集成成像显示效果的重要因素之一.     

基于散焦图像特征的微装配机器人深度运动显微视觉伺服

为了描述微操作手深度运动,采用灰度方差聚焦评价算子计算机械手散焦图像特征．散焦特征曲线理论上为单峰分布,峰值点对应显微光学焦平面深度位置．实际提取的散焦特征含有大量随机噪声,利用非线性跟踪微分器抑制噪声实现对机械手散焦图像特征及其微分信号的无颤振光滑逼近．依据散焦微分信号设计粗—精两级自寻优视觉控制器,完成微操作手对装配平面深度的精确定位．微装配深度运动实验验证了本文方法的有效性,机械手深度伺服误差为75 μm．     

点源离焦图像位相复原方法

为了实现利用点源传递函数测试仪器在测量可见光镜头光学传递函数的同时测出镜头出瞳的波前,采用了一种基于点源目标离焦图像的位相复原算法.该方法无需改变点源传递函数测试仪器的硬件设置,直接利用在传递函数测试过程中,通过改变位于镜头后焦面附近的显微镜与CCD的位置所采集的多幅离焦图像及改进的GS算法实现离焦面与镜头出瞳面光场的...     

基于图像散焦测深方式的深度估计方法研究

基于图像散焦特征测深的基本原理是通过X-Y平面上的散焦图像特征而获得Z方向上的深度信息。散焦量的计算有多种方法,本文提出一种优化的方法,使其对噪声的敏感性大大降低,提高了深度估计的精度。     

4-aperture differential image motion monitor as a new approach for estimating atmospheric turbulence parameters

The present study aims to evaluate the possibility of simultaneous measurements of Fried parameter and atmospheric Zernike defocus by measuring defocus aberration with 4-aperture differential image motion monitor (DIMM) for a portable telescope. Based on the results, a relation was observed between the variances of the defocus aberration (4-aperture defocus) and Fried parameter for G-tilt and Z-tilt methods. In addition, the variance of the 4-aperture defocus was compared with those of the Zernike defocus and the conventional DIMM and the results indicated a linear relationship. Based on the telescope and 4-aperture specifications, the variance of the 4-aperture defocus was converted into the Zernike defocus or the DIMM variances. Finally, the ability of estimating atmospheric coherence time by measuring the variance of the Zernike defocus velocity or the sum of the variances of two astigmatisms velocities with 4-aperture DIMM was investigated.