Display illumination with modulated directional backlight

Illumination is essential for modern life as colorful world is perceived by human visionary system. Display technology has been developing rapidly in recent decades, and the basic principle is related to the way that the image is illuminated and light is emanated. Traditional illumination is provided by different types of light sources, and the display image is visible in large viewing space until the emanating light decays to zero. This work proposes and demonstrates a novel illumination scheme for a display in which the displaying images are visible only in specific spatial regions. The directional backlight ensures the image propagating to specific direction while imaging visibility can be controlled to terminate abruptly at certain distance from the display screen while exerting no influence to nearby regions. The working principle for such an illumination scheme is the use of the modulated coherent directional backlight through an axicon lens. It is shown that the illumination scheme can robustly deliver carried image information to the designated viewing region. This new illumination scheme has many advantages over conventional illumination, including its usage for personal display, very lower energy consumption, as well as minimizing light hazard pollution.     

Improved error performance for generalised spatial modulation with enhanced spectral efficiency

The existing analytical average bit error rate (ABER) expression of conventional generalised spatial modulation (CGSM) does not agree well with the Monte Carlo simulation results in the low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) region. Hence, the first contribution of this paper is to derive a new and easy way to evaluate analytical ABER expression that improves the validation of the simulation results at low SNRs. Secondly, a novel system termed CGSM with enhanced spectral efficiency (CGSM‐ESE) is presented. This system is realised by applying a rotation angle to one of the two active transmit antennas. As a result, the overall spectral efficiency is increased by 1 bit/s/Hz when compared with the equivalent CGSM system. In order to validate the simulation results of CGSM‐ESE, the third contribution is to derive an analytical ABER expression. Finally, to improve the ABER performance of CGSM‐ESE, three link adaptation algorithms are developed. By assuming full knowledge of the channel at the receiver, the proposed algorithms select a subset of channel gain vector (CGV) pairs based on the Euclidean distance between all CGV pairs, CGV splitting, CGV amplitudes, or a combination of these.     

Flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna

A flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna is presented. It comprises a fourth iterative flower‐shaped radiator, asymmetrical stub‐loaded feeding line, and coplanar quarter elliptical ground planes. A wide operating band of 12.12 GHz (4.58‐16.7 GHz) for S ₁₁ ≤ ? 10 dB is achieved along with an overall antenna footprint of 15.7 × 11.4 mm². In addition, other desirable characteristics, that is, omnidirectional radiation patterns, peak gain upto 5 dB, and fidelity factor more than 75% are achieved. A good agreement exists between the simulation and measured results. The obtained results illustrate that this antenna has wide operating range and compact dimensions than available structures.     

基于三相幅度测量的相控阵天线快速校准方法

提出了一种基于三相幅度测量的相控阵天线快速校准方法。该方法将天线阵列进行分组,利用每种分组在三种配相下的阵面合成场幅度测量值,可解算出各个天线单元的初始幅相值。该方法仅需幅度测量,避免了相位测量误差影响单元幅相值的计算精度,而且所需幅度测量次数仅为(2N+1)次,可显著提高校准时效性。另外,利用分组思想,同时改变多个单元相位,使总辐射场的幅度变化显著,提升校准准确性。仿真结果表明:校准后相位均方根误差为2.2°,幅度均方根误差为0.2 dB。     

Annular‐ring slot antenna designs with circular polarization radiation

The design of a microstrip‐fed annular‐ring slot antenna (ARSA) with circular polarization (CP) radiation is initially studied. To obtain CP radiation with broad 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth that can cover the WiMAX 2.3 GHz (2305–2320 MHz, 2345–2360 MHz) and WLAN 2.4 GHz (2400–2480 MHz) bands, a novel technique of extending an inverted L‐shaped slot from the bottom section of the annular‐ring is proposed. To suppress the harmonic modes induced by the CP ARSA, the technique of integrating a defected ground structure into the annular‐ring slot is further introduced. From the measured results, 10‐dB impedance bandwidth and 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 44.86 and 9.68% were achieved by the proposed harmonic suppressed CP ARSA. Furthermore, average gain and radiation efficiency of ～4.7 dBic and 71%, respectively, were also exhibited across the bands of interest. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:337–345, 2015.     

一种宽带矢量调制器的设计及其应用

矢量调制器是一种可以同时控制微波信号幅度和相位的器件。本文介绍了一种基于新型微带定向耦合器的宽带矢量调制器。新的耦合器结构克服了传统微带耦合器耦合度低、方向性差的问题,也不需要Lange耦合器复杂的加工工艺,在平衡放大器、移相器和衰减器等场合具有广泛的应用。其次,研究了用串联电感对衰减器中PIN二极管的寄生参数进行补偿的一种简单方法,以改善衰减器衰减量变化时的相位性能。该方法原理简单,可在一定带宽内替代复杂的平衡结构,并给出相近的性能。最后给出了矢量调制器的测试结果和它在自适应天线阵等实际系统中的应用情况,并讨论了用于提高载波和边带抑制、满足高精度要求的校准方法。     

磁场天线的扭转振动及运动感应噪声研究

拖曳天线的运动感应电磁噪声对其收信深度及接收性能占据主导作用,其中横向振动与纵向振动是主要的,同时扭转振动也不可忽略.建立了磁场天线的扭转振动模型,得到了流体圆周切变力作用下磁场天线的扭转振动响应,分析了扭转振动感应电磁噪声的产生机理,给出了计算公式及仿真结果.研究结果为水下电磁噪声的深入研究提供了理论基础.     

Antenna-array pattern nulling using a differential evolution algorithm

A new method based on the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed for antenna-array pattern synthesis with prescribed nulls. The array excitation amplitudes are the only controlling parameters, and the objectives are to synthesize array patterns with nulls imposed on directions of interferences while keeping the sidelobe levels (SLLs) below prescribed levels. Many factors such as the excitation dynamic range ratio, null depth level, null width, and SLLs are taken into account in the synthesis. Simulation results of several typical problems are compared with published results to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14: 57–63, 2004.     

用CMOS工艺实现非接触IC卡天线的集成化设计

论述了用CMOS工艺实现非接触式IC卡天线的集成化需要考虑的各个方面,建立了集成天线的模型,给出了合理的设计方案,并通过实验验证了模型和设计方案.实验结果表明,采用片上天线完全可以提供非接触式IC卡工作所需要的能量.在频率为2 2 .5 MHz、感应强度为6×10 - 4 T的磁场中,面积为2 m m×2 mm的集成天线可以为10 kΩ的负载提供1.2 2 5 m W的能量.     

定向断裂爆破技术在特软岩层巷道中的应用

介绍了大雁矿区特软岩层巷道成型新技术,包括定向断裂爆破技术的机理、爆破参数,以及大雁矿区特软岩层条件下实施定向断裂爆破的技术关键和注意事项。应用该技术不仅提高了巷道成型质量、节约了材料,而且保护了围岩稳定,对软岩巷道维护有重要作用。