MULTICRITERIA SORTING METHODOLOGY: APPLICATION TO FINANCIAL DECISION PROBLEMS

Abstract

The primary objective in the sorting approach is to assign a set of alternatives into predefined classes. This type of problem is often encountered in many real world decision problems. During the last two decades several new approaches have been proposed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional statistical and econometric techniques. This paper focuses on the multicriteria decision aid (MCDA) approach; it briefly reviews the main MCDA sorting techniques, and presents the multigroup hierarchical discrimination method. This new MCDA sorting technique is applied to the portfolio selection problem. A comparison with discriminant analysis is also performed. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposal approach can be easily improved for solving large-scale problems in a multiprocessing environment.     

基于三维特征向量的非侵入式电热负荷细分算法

非侵入式负荷监测分解（NILMD）技术是当前居民用能服务深化提升和电力供需互动的重要数据获取手段,然而当前工程上应用广泛的事件驱动型NILMD技术一直无法准确细化分解电热负荷。针对这一问题,文中提出了一种基于三维特征向量的典型电热负荷细化分解算法。首先,基于有功、无功功率和电流谐波等电气负荷特征采用事件检测方法提取电热事件,在有功功率的基础上,引入运行时长、频繁启停次数等非电气负荷特征共同构建三维特征向量电器模型。然后,采用序贯覆盖法设计典型电热负荷细化分解命题学习规则和细化分解算法。最后,基于实证实验数据进行分解验证,发现4种典型电热负荷的细化分解准确率超过85%。实验结果表明,文中所提典型电热负荷细化分解算法有效地提高了4种典型电热负荷分解的准确率。     

非侵入式电力负荷分解算法综述

非侵入式电力负荷监测是将总的电力消耗分解为每个用电设备的电力消耗并对其进行监测。非侵入式负荷监测系统无需安装大量监测设备,就可进行能源监测、故障监测、故障分析等多种类型的电能质量控制分析,文中介绍了国内外主流电力负荷分解算法以及算法评估方法,并就存在的问题及未来的发展方向进行了阐述。     

工程装备仿真实体在行军过程中的聚合和解聚

在工程兵作战仿真中多分辨率模型的聚合与解聚问题一直是困扰不同层次仿真系统集成的瓶颈问题。该文以工程兵工程装备行军过程为例,对工程装备行军过程仿真中不同层次仿真模型的聚合与解聚问题进行了研究,分析了该仿真过程中所需模型的分辨率,分别就工程装备仿真实体位置、速度、状态及毁伤的聚合与解聚进行分析,同时给出了仿真实体位置、速度、状态及毁伤的聚合与解聚解决方法,这些方法简单实用,节省资源,效率高,对解决工程兵作战仿真中的模型聚合与解聚问题具有一定的参考价值。     

High‐pressure microfluidisation pretreatment disaggregate peanut protein isolates to prepare antihypertensive peptide fractions

High‐pressure microfluidisation (HPM) pretreatment was applied to increase in vitro antihypertensive activity of peanut peptide fractions (PPF). The morphology of protein in aqueous dispersion revealed that peanut protein isolate (PPI) disaggregated at relatively low pressure (≤120 MPa) and re‐aggregated at relatively high pressures (150–210 MPa). The treated pressure of 120 MPa could lead to the most disaggregation of PPI. Small peptides contents, trichloroacetic acid‐nitrogen soluble index (TCA‐NSI) and degree of hydrolysis (DH) of peanut protein hydrolysates (PPH) all reached the highest at 120 MPa. Consequently, it possessed the highest angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and renin inhibitory activity. The highest surface hydrophobicity occurred at 120 MPa pretreatment samples. Thirty‐nine oligopeptides at 120 MPa pretreatment were identified by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight (UPLC‐Q‐TOF) mass spectrometer combined with Progenesis QI for Proteomics software compared with 29 and 35 at control and 210 MPa, respectively. This meant that disaggregation of PPI at 120 MPa resulted in the release of new hydrophobic peptide.     

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Bridgetown-Barbados,Employing Subduction Interface Characteristic Earthquakes

A new probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was performed for the city of Bridgetown, Barbados, West Indies. Hazard computations have been performed using the standard Cornell-McGuire approach based on the definition of appropriate seismogenic sources and expected maximum magnitudes, the authors take into consideration the possibility of large subduction interface earthquakes of magnitude 8.0-9.0 beneath the Barbados accretionary prism via application of a characteristic model and slip rates. The analysis has been conducted using a standard logic-tree approach. Uniform hazard spectra have been calculated for the 5% of critical damping and the horizontal component of ground motion for rock site conditions setting 5 return periods （95, 475, 975, 2,475 and 4,975 years） and spectral accelerations for 34 structural periods ranging from 0 to 3 s. The disaggregation results suggest that the magnitude-distance pair that dominates the hazard yields M 7.4 and 8.6 and a distance of 42.5 km in the Interface Subduction Zone beneath Barbados for the 475 and 975 years RP （return period）, respectively. An event with an M 8.0 at a distance of 107.5 km in the Intraplate Subduction Zone is the second scenario that dominates the hazard for both 475 and 975 years RP.     

云原生数据库综述

云基础设施的虚拟化、高可用、可弹性调度等特点,为云数据库提供了开箱即用、可靠可用、按需计费等优势.云数据库按照架构可以划分为云托管数据库(cloud-hosted database)以及云原生数据库(cloud-native database).云托管数据库将数据库系统直接部署到云上虚拟机环境中,具备低成本、易运维、高可靠的优势.在此基础上,云原生数据库充分利用云基础设施弹性伸缩的特点,采用计算存储分离的架构,实现了计算资源和存储资源的独立伸缩,进一步提升数据库性价比.然而计算存储分离的架构为数据库系统设计带来了新的挑战.深入分析云原生数据库系统的架构和技术.首先将云原生OLTP和云原生OLAP的数据库架构按照资源分离模式的差异分别进行归类分析,并对比各类架构的优势与局限.其次,基于计算存储分离的架构,按照各个功能模块深入探讨云原生数据库的关键技术:主要包括云原生OLTP关键技术(数据组织、副本一致性、主备同步、故障恢复以及混合负载处理)和云原生OLAP关键技术(存储管理、查询处理、无服务器感知计算、数据保护以及机器学习优化).最后,总结现有云原生数据库的技术挑战并展望未来研究方向.     

Role of Tyrosine Kinase Syk in Thrombus Stabilisation at High Shear

Understanding the pathways involved in the formation and stability of the core and shell regions of a platelet-rich arterial thrombus may result in new ways to treat arterial thrombosis. The distinguishing feature between these two regions is the absence of fibrin in the shell which indicates that in vitro flow-based assays over thrombogenic surfaces, in the absence of coagulation, can be used to resemble this region. In this study, we have investigated the contribution of Syk tyrosine kinase in the stability of platelet aggregates (or thrombi) formed on collagen or atherosclerotic plaque homogenate at arterial shear (1000 s⁻¹). We show that post-perfusion of the Syk inhibitor PRT-060318 over preformed thrombi on both surfaces enhances thrombus breakdown and platelet detachment. The resulting loss of thrombus stability led to a reduction in thrombus contractile score which could be detected as early as 3 min after perfusion of the Syk inhibitor. A similar loss of thrombus stability was observed with ticagrelor and indomethacin, inhibitors of platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor and thromboxane A₂ (TxA₂), respectively, and in the presence of the Src inhibitor, dasatinib. In contrast, the Btk inhibitor, ibrutinib, causes only a minor decrease in thrombus contractile score. Weak thrombus breakdown is also seen with the blocking GPVI nanobody, Nb21, which indicates, at best, a minor contribution of collagen to the stability of the platelet aggregate. These results show that Syk regulates thrombus stability in the absence of fibrin in human platelets under flow and provide evidence that this involves pathways additional to activation of GPVI by collagen.     

State identification of home appliance with transient features in residential buildings

Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is crucial for extracting patterns of electricity consumption of household appliance that can guide users’ behavior in using electricity while their privacy is respected. This study proposes an online method based on the transient behavior of individual appliances as well as system steady-state characteristics to estimate the operating states of the appliances. It determines the number of states for each appliance using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method and models the transition relationship among different states. The states of the working appliances are identified from aggregated power signals using the Kalman filtering method in the factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM). Thereafter, the identified states are confirmed by the verification of system states, which are the combination of the working states of individual appliances. The verification step involves comparing the total measured power consumption with the total estimated power consumption. The use of transient features can achieve fast state inference and it is suitable for online load disaggregation. The proposed method was tested on a high-resolution data set such as Labeled hIgh-Frequency daTaset for Electricity Disaggregation (LIFTED) and it outperformed other related methods in the literature.     

Reducing an integer linear equation to an equivalent system

A method is proposed for the creation of a system of linear integer equations that is equivalent to a given linear integer equation. The method is based on the theorem stating that one linear integer equation can be transformed into two linear integer equations with the identical set of nonnegative integer solutions. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 1, pp. 180–183, January–February 2006.