The Conceptual Model of Well-Being Management Based on Achieving Requisite Personal Holism

Organizations should look at humans as multilayered, not only as professional entities. In synergy, not only individually, we define humans as: (1) physical, (2) mental, (3) social, (4) spiritual, and (5) economic entities, marked by requisitely holistic patterns of relatively permanent characteristics, due to which individuals differ from each other; they differ also as specialized professionals. All these and other attributes form synergies. On this basis, the behavior of individuals who are willing to practice interdisciplinary cooperation becomes socially responsible and they have a high level of well-being.

Individuals as well as organizations seek requisite personal holism (RPH) on the one hand and psychic well-being (PWB) on the other hand. Thus, individuals implement individual techniques and organizations implement special strategies, programs, and actions in the frame of human resource management (HRM). That is how organizations in the frame of HRM, more specifically in the frame of management well-being, are developing special programs for managing PWB. These programs are based on their RPH and organizations might help employees to feel respected and valued in their work settings, without regard to their culture, religion, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, or other individual differences. The most-often applied programs of the kind include: (1) stress management programs, (2) diversity management programs, (3) wellness programs, (4) employee assistance programs, and (5) programs for personal growth.     

基于能耗量化模拟的乡村空间形态一体化特征

当代粤西乡村聚落发展存在诸多问题。乡村聚落既有格局具有的价值未能得到充分认识,传统营建策略得不到借鉴和完善,既有资源被严重浪费,导致了乡村聚落空间环境的诸多矛盾和问题。因此,从对粤西地区乡村空间环境一体化特征分析入手,对乡村空间形态构成进行解读和分析,对规划尺度的聚落模型进行环境模拟,关注聚落整体的互动功能,从聚落地块形态、建筑单体形态、聚落道路形态、村域边界形态等方面挖掘聚落尺度的整体气候适应性智慧,从中找到关联机制和既有空间形态可持续经验转化的途径,回应当代粤西乡村聚落发展的现实问题。     

论格式塔心理学原理在语言综合测试中的运用

通过格式塔心理学"整体决定部分,部分依从于整体"的原理,论述了格式塔心理学基本原理和语言综合测试的关系,提出格式塔心理学是语言综合测试的理论基础;并对当前中国学生在英语完形测试中出现的问题进行了研究分析,指出教师应在教学过程中运用"整体感知"和"补缺心理"等理论,指导学生"破解"语言综合性测试这类语言教学过程和测试过程中的"难题"。     

Meaning,prototypes and the future of cognitive science

In this paper I evaluate the soundness of the prototype paradigm, in particular its basic assumption that there are pan-human psychological essences or core meanings that refer to basic-level natural kinds, explaining why, on the whole, human communication and learning are successful. Instead I argue that there are no particular pan-human basic elements for thought, meaning and cognition, neither prototypes, nor otherwise. To illuminate my view I draw on examples from anthropology. More generally I argue that the prototype paradigm exemplifies two assumptions that dominate cognitive science: (1) If human beings use words they mean something particular and what they mean can be discovered by scientific methods. (2) There is a fixed number of domains of categorization, each made up of a fixed number of basic categories. I suggest that these two assumptions lead to Brave New World.This paper was written while on leave at the Department of Philosophy of Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada. A shortened version was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Philosophical Association in Victoria B.C., May 1990.     

复杂系统涌现与基于整体论的多智能体分析

研究复杂系统整体性,尤其整体性的涌现是现代科学技术研究的重要课题和难题。企图用多智能体的办法,甚至用自适应多智能体的办法来剖析系统的整体性,从系统方法学上来讲,显然是偏面的,不恰当的。本文从复杂系统整体性和涌现的基本概念出发,指出必须采用微观到宏观,再从宏观到微观相结合的整体论分析方法;提出了基于整体论的多智能体分析总体框架;通过系统整体性和涌现的区别与联系的探讨,又明确提出了在整体性分析中可采用数学、逻辑和实验(仿真)等三种不同的方法;最后,给出了适用于分析复杂系统整体性及其涌现的基于整体论的多智能体参考体系结构[1]。     

现代景观环境基本属性思考

从景观的人性化、时间性、生态性以及整体性四个方面阐述对现代景观环境的思考,设计需要考虑的内容及方法。     

Connectivity is a two‐way street—the need for a holistic approach to fish passage problems in regulated rivers

We evaluated the effects of a rehabilitation project, whose goal was to re‐establish longitudinal connectivity for anadromous trout in the regulated river Emån. We used a holistic approach, by tagging and following both upstream‐migrating spawners (N = 348) and downstream‐migrating smolts (N = 80) and kelts as they passed two hydroelectric plants (HEP 2‐3) with nature‐like fishways. When migrating upstream, 84–88% of the spawners stopped, primarily at spawning grounds, before reaching HEP2. The proportion of stoppers was lower (56%) for fish that had been to the fishways in previous years, indicating that the recolonization rate is likely to increase over time. Of the spawners that approached the fishway at HEP2, 77% rapidly located the fishway situated next to the tail‐race, resulting in an attraction efficiency of 81% and a passage efficiency of 95%. The time required to locate the fishway inside the former channel at HEP3 was substantial, but the attraction efficiency (89%) and passage efficiency (97%) were nevertheless high. The kelts swam downstream mainly in spring, using spill gates and the fishways, to swim past HEP2 and 3 and continue downstream to the Baltic Sea. Iteroparity was confirmed by the fact that 20% of the spawners were tagged in previous years. Smolt loss was about 30% for both HEPs, with a higher turbine‐induced loss 30% for fish passing through Francis runners than a Kaplan runner. Fifteen per cent of the tagged smolt reached the sea and none of these fish had swum through the Francis runners. It will probably take many years before longitudinal connectivity is fully re‐established in the river Emån, due to substantial losses of both upstream‐migrating spawners (35% loss) and downstream‐migrating smolts (50%) and kelts. In addition, smolt production in areas upstream of HEP3 is far below carrying capacity. Thus, additional measures that not only facilitate movement of upstream spawners, but also reduce mortality and injuries of downstream migrants are urgently needed to create a self‐sustaining fish population. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

复杂性科学视野下的城市设计方法论研究

受复杂性科学的影响,城市设计方法在20世纪末出现了转向,以亚历山大为代表的建筑与城市设计师开始注重建筑与城市系统的整体性,提出了适合城市复杂系统的新设计方法。     

基于整体方法论的混凝土修补思考

整体方法论是一种认识复杂事物发展规律的有效方法之一.混凝土修补是一个多层次的复杂系统.运用整体方法论可正确理解混凝土破坏机理并指导混凝土修补的设计与施工.从整体方法论来看,耐久的混凝土修补应充分考虑修补材料与现有混凝土的相容性、修补相的渗透性、内外部环境、修补系统的设计以及混凝土修补材料与技术的选择等.     

Integration | Innovation | Inclusion: Values,Variables and the Design of Human Environments

Complexity, complication, contradiction, consumption, confusion, delusion, depression. Opportunity, inspiration, ingenuity, compassion, wisdom. Our world is perplexing, our times are fast moving, and our choices are many. To find an appropriate path is a daunting yet vital challenge that confronts us as individuals, as communities, and as a civilization. How sustainable is our world? How reasonable are our behaviors? The present article is a collection of thoughts on a series of intertwined issues related to the contemporary world, its environmental dimensions, and their present-day problems. The goal is to survey the landscape through a lens of Environmental Design, to provide some perspectives, to raise some questions, and to explore systems, beliefs, and values informing and influencing actions. It is important to consider how people's belief systems influence, inform, and shape actions. This holds true in realms political, spiritual, and cultural. It also proves relevant in the ways in which we imagine, design, develop, and construct our buildings, cities, spaces, and places.

Appropriate solutions to some of our most daunting problems will arise through the concerted efforts, open dialogue, and collective wisdom of the wide array of stakeholders, professionals, politicians, decision makers, and citizens (both engaged and disenfranchised) who have the will and wherewithal to make a difference and to make the world safer, healthier, and better. It seems vital for us to critically examine, and question, our belief systems and their connections to the ways we define, refine, and realize progress. Architecture and Environmental Design, in both a philosophical and a practical sense, reflect as well as form greater aspirations, directions, and events of our times.