Mesh‐independent p‐orthotropic enrichment using the generalized finite element method

This paper is aimed at presenting a simple yet effective procedure to implement a mesh‐independent p‐orthotropic enrichment in the generalized finite element method. The procedure is based on the observation that shape functions used in the GFEM can be constructed from polynomials defined in any co‐ordinate system regardless of the underlying mesh or type of element used. Numerical examples where the solution possesses boundary or internal layers are solved on coarse tetrahedral meshes with isotropic and the proposed p‐orthotropic enrichment. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A parallel direct solver for the self-adaptive hp Finite Element Method

In this paper we present a new parallel multi-frontal direct solver, dedicated for the hp Finite Element Method (hp-FEM). The self-adaptive hp-FEM generates in a fully automatic mode, a sequence of hp-meshes delivering exponential convergence of the error with respect to the number of degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) as well as the CPU time, by performing a sequence of hp refinements starting from an arbitrary initial mesh. The solver constructs an initial elimination tree for an arbitrary initial mesh, and expands the elimination tree each time the mesh is refined. This allows us to keep track of the order of elimination for the solver. The solver also minimizes the memory usage, by de-allocating partial LU factorizations computed during the elimination stage of the solver, and recomputes them for the backward substitution stage, by utilizing only about 10% of the computational time necessary for the original computations. The solver has been tested on 3D Direct Current (DC) borehole resistivity measurement simulations problems. We measure the execution time and memory usage of the solver over a large regular mesh with 1.5 million degrees of freedom as well as on the highly non-regular mesh, generated by the self-adaptive hp$hp$-FEM, with finite elements of various sizes and polynomial orders of approximation varying from p=1$p=1$ to p=9$p=9$. From the presented experiments it follows that the parallel solver scales well up to the maximum number of utilized processors. The limit for the solver scalability is the maximum sequential part of the algorithm: the computations of the partial LU factorizations over the longest path, coming from the root of the elimination tree down to the deepest leaf.     

自适应Radau伪谱法自由漂浮空间机器人轨迹规划

为解决Gauss伪谱法(GPM)计算速度和求解精度之间的矛盾,在多段Radau伪谱法的基础上,提出了求解自由漂浮空间机器人(FFSM)最优路径规划问题的hp自适应Radau伪谱法(hp-RPM).与传统的Gauss伪谱法不同,该方法并不是单纯通过增加节点数量来提高精度,而是在每次迭代的过程中对整个路径分段个数和各个路径子区间的宽度进行合理的分配,并能配置每个子区间内节点的数量.通过增加分段个数可以减小子区间内所需节点个数,以此降低多项式阶数、提高计算速度.基于上述理论,首先建立了多臂FFSM系统动力学模型,并给出了运动过程中系统模型更新方法;然后将连续最优轨迹规划问题离散化,完成了hp自适应Radau伪谱法的设计;最后利用hp-RPM解决两连杆FFSM系统轨迹规划问题并进行了仿真实验.结果表明:在初始条件相同的情况下,两种方法得到的位置、速度规划曲线相似,但hp-RPM在各个节点处的误差明显低于GPM计算误差;在精度要求较高,初始节点较多的情况下,hp-RPM可以在保证精度的同时有效的提高计算速度.     

3D‐based hp‐adaptive first‐order shell finite element for modelling and analysis of complex structures—Part 1: The model and the approximation

The paper presents a 3D‐based adaptive first‐order shell finite element to be applied to hierarchical modelling and adaptive analysis of complex structures. The main feature of the element is that it is equipped with 3D degrees of freedom, while its mechanical model corresponds to classical first‐order shell theory. Other useful features of the element are its modelling and adaptive capabilities. The element is assigned to hierarchical modelling and hpq‐adaptive analysis of shell parts of complex structures consisting of solid, thick‐ and thin‐shell parts, as well as of transition zones, where h, p and q denote the mesh density parameter and the longitudinal and transverse orders of approximation, respectively. The proposed hp‐adaptive first‐order shell element can be joined with 3D‐based hpq‐adaptive hierarchical shell elements or 3D hpp‐adaptive solid elements by means of the family of 3D‐based hpq/hp‐ or hpp/hp‐adaptive transition elements. The main objective of the first part of our research, presented in this paper, is to provide non‐standard information on the original parts of the element algorithm. In order to do that, we present the definition of shape functions necessary for p‐adaptivity, as well as the procedure for imposing constraints corresponding to the lack of elongation of the straight lines perpendicular to the shell mid‐surface, which is the procedure necessary for q‐adaptivity. The 3D version of constrained approximation presented next is the basis for h‐adaptivity of the element. The second part of our research, devoted to methodology and results of the numerical research on application of the element to various plate and shell problems, are described in the second part of this paper. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高压气井压井方法的机理及优选

介绍如何选用适合于高压气井的压井方法,定性分析了常规压井法与非常规压井法的选用依据。     

A goal‐oriented hp‐adaptive finite element method with electromagnetic applications. Part I: electrostatics

We describe the development and application of a finite element (FE) self‐adaptive hp goal‐oriented algorithm for elliptic problems. The algorithm delivers (without any user interaction) a sequence of optimal hp‐grids. This sequence of grids minimizes the error of a prescribed quantity of interest with respect to the problem size. The refinement strategy is an extension of a fully automatic, energy‐norm based, hp‐adaptive algorithm. We illustrate the efficiency of the method with 2D numerical results. Among other problems, we apply the goal‐oriented hp‐adaptive strategy to simulate direct current (DC) resistivity logging instruments (including through casing resistivity tools) in a borehole environment and for the assessment of rock formation properties. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Higher‐order finite elements based on generalized eigenfunctions of the Laplacian

We present a new class of higher‐order finite elements based on generalized eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator, which are suitable for both product and simplicial geometries in ?^d. Due to simultaneous orthogonality of the generalized eigenfunctions under both the H and L² products and their almost negligible dependence on reference maps, such finite elements are an excellent choice for the discretization of second‐order elliptic problems by the hp‐FEM. Analysis is illustrated by numerical results and comparisons with other popular higher‐order finite elements are presented. The new elements are used to compute efficiently the model of an electrostatic micromotor. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双相不锈钢在尿素高压设备中的使用

双相不锈钢应用于尿素生产已经半个多世纪,本文从该类材料的特性以及在尿素设备中使用所表现的特点和出现的问题,阐述使用过程中的注意事项,尤其是在检维修过程中的特别要求。     

A high‐order generalized FEM for through‐the‐thickness branched cracks

This paper presents high‐order implementations of a generalized finite element method for through‐the‐thickness three‐dimensional branched cracks. This approach can accurately represent discontinuities such as triple joints in polycrystalline materials and branched cracks, independently of the background finite element mesh. Representative problems are investigated to illustrate the accuracy of the method in combination with various discretizations and refinement strategies. The combination of local refinement at crack fronts and high‐order continuous and discontinuous enrichments proves to be an excellent combination which can deliver convergence rates close to that of problems with smooth solutions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A coupled hp‐finite element scheme for the solution of two‐dimensional electrostrictive materials

As part of the ongoing research within the field of computational analysis for the coupled electro‐magneto‐mechanical response of smart materials, the problem of linearised electrostriction is revisited and analysed for the first time using the framework of hp‐finite elements. The governing equations modelling the physics of the dielectric are suitably modified by introducing a new total Cauchy stress tensor (A. Dorfmann and R.W. Ogden. Nonlinear electroelasticity. Acta Mechanica, 174:167–183, 2005), which includes the electrostrictive effect and a staggered partitioned scheme for the numerical solution of the coupling phenomena. With the purpose of benchmarking numerical results, the problem of an infinite electrostrictive plate with a circular/elliptical dielectric insert is revisited. The presented analytical solution is based on the theoretical framework for two‐dimensional electrostriction proposed by Knops (R.J. Knops. Two‐dimensional electrostriction. Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, 16:377–388, 1963) and uses classical techniques of complex variable analysis. Our presentation, to the best of our knowledge, provides the first correct closed form expression for the solution to the infinite electrostrictive plate with a circular/elliptical dielectric insert, correcting the errors made in previous presentations of this problem. We use this analytical solution to assess the accuracy, efficiency and robustness of the hp‐formulation in the case of nearly incompressible electrostrictive materials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.