基于近似高斯金字塔的视觉注意模型快速算法

利用输入图像的近似高斯金字塔,将经典的基于显著性的视觉注意模型改造为时空开销更小的版本,从而使其更加适合在嵌入式实时系统中实现.首先采用矩形窗口近似圆形窗口,矩形平均算子近似高斯卷积核;然后采用“先做行累加,再做列累加”的方法来实现矩形平均算子,并直接采样计算出各个特征通道的显著性分布图,该算法关于输入图像像素点个数具有线性时间复杂度;最后,还给出了在显著性分布图中抑制已提取区域显著性的快速算法.在Berkeley分割图像库上的实验结果表明,该方法极大地减小了系统实现的时空开销,且输出结果的误差在可接受范围内.提出的用矩形窗口近似圆形窗口,用矩形平均算子近似高斯卷积核的方法,还适用于其他需要在嵌入式实时系统中实现的图像处理问题.     

Akhet Khufu: Archaeo-astronomical Hints at a Common Project of the Two Main Pyramids of Giza, Egypt

The architectural complexes composed by the two main pyramids of Giza together with their temples are investigated from an interdisciplinary point of view, taking into account their astronomical alignments as well as their relationships with the visible landscape. Combining already known facts together with new clues, the work strongly supports the idea that the two complexes were conceived as parts of a common project.     

基于聚合通道特征的红外行人检测方法

基于红外图像的行人检测技术在夜间场景监控、汽车夜间辅助驾驶等相关领域具有重要的作用,然而受红外图像分辨率低、信噪比高等因素影响,当前的很多方法性能不佳。提出了一种基于图像特征通道的红外行人检测算法。利用快速特征金字塔技术在红外图像上进行了滑动窗口检测。实验结果证明,相对于其他常规算法,该算法在实时性和鲁棒性上都有很大的提升。     

Morphological Pyramids in Multiresolution MIP Rendering of Large Volume Data: Survey and New Results

We survey and extend nonlinear signal decompositions based on morphological pyramids, and their application to multiresolution maximum intensity projection (MIP) volume rendering with progressive refinement and perfect reconstruction. The structure of the resulting multiresolution rendering algorithm is very similar to wavelet splatting. Several existing classes of pyramids are discussed, and their limitations indicated. To enhance the approximation quality of visualizations from reduced data (higher levels of the pyramid), two approaches are explored. First, a new class of morphological pyramids, involving connectivity enhancing operators, is considered. In the pyramidal analysis phase, a conditional dilation operator is used, with a given number n of iterations. The corresponding pyramids for n = 0 and n = 1 are known as the adjunction pyramid and Sun-Maragos pyramid, respectively. We show that the approximation quality when rendering from higher levels of the pyramid does increase as a function of the number of iterations n of the conditional dilation operator, but the improvement for n > 1 is limited. The second new approach, called streaming MIP-splatting, again starts from the adjunction pyramid. The new element is that detail coefficients of all levels are considered simultaneously and are resorted with respect to decreasing magnitude of a suitable error measure. All resorted coefficients are projected successively, until a desired accuracy of the resulting MIP image is obtained. We show that this method outperforms the previous methods based on morphological pyramids, both with respect to image quality with a fixed amount of detail data, and in terms of flexibility of controlling approximation error or computation time.Jos B.T.M. Roerdink received his M.Sc. (1979) in theoretical physics from the University of Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Following his Ph.D. (1983) from the University of Utrecht and a two-year position (1983–1985) as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of California, San Diego, both in the area of stochastic processes, he joined the Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science in Amsterdam. There he worked from 1986–1992 on image processing and tomographic reconstruction. He was appointed associate professor (1992) and full professor (2003), respectively, at the Institute for Mathematics and Computing Science of the University of Groningen, where he currently holds a chair in Scientific Visualization and Computer Graphics. His current research interests include morphological image processing, biomedical visualization, neuroimaging and bioinformatics.     

PERL硅太阳电池的性能及结构特点

报道了ＰＥＲＬ硅太阳电池的研制结果，在ＡＭ１．５、２５℃条件下，电池效率η＝２３．７６％。阐述其结构设计上的主要特点，并分析了高性能的机理。     

High-speed,two-dimensional digital image correlation algorithm using heterogeneous (CPU-GPU) framework

Two-dimensional digital image correlation (2D-DIC) is an experimental technique used to measure in-plane displacement of a test specimen. Real-time measurement of full-field displacement data is challenging due to enormous computational load of the algorithm. In order to improve the computational speed, the focus of recent research works has been on the approach of parallelization across subsets within image pairs using graphics processing unit (GPU). But alternate GPU-based parallelization approaches to improve the performance of this algorithm as per the order of data processing have not been explored. To address this research gap, our method utilizes parallelism within a subset as well as across subsets for each computation step in an iteration cycle. A heterogeneous (CPU-GPU) framework in combination with a pyramid-based initial values estimation for subsets (in parallel) is proposed in this work. The precompute steps of the proposed framework are implemented using CPU, whereas the main iterative steps are realized using GPU. It is demonstrated that the overall computational speed of the proposed heterogeneous framework improves by compared to a sequential CPU-based implementation for a pair of gray-scale images with a resolution of pixels. As an important milestone, feasibility to measure deformations in real time ( 1 s) is manifested in this study.     

Simultaneous degradation estimation and restoration of confocal images and performance evaluation by colocalization analysis

A novel method for joint restoration and estimation of the degradation of confocal microscope images is presented. The observed images are degraded due to two sources: blurring due to the band-limited nature of the optical system [modelled by the point spread function (PSF)], and Poisson noise contaminates the observations due to the discrete nature of the photon detection process. The proposed method iterates noise reduction, blur estimation and deblurring, and applies these steps in two phases, i.e. a training phase and a restoration phase. In the first phase, these three steps are iterated until the blur estimation converges. Noise reduction and blur estimation are performed using steerable pyramids, and the deblurring is performed by the Richardson–Lucy algorithm. The second phase is the actual restoration. From then on, the blur estimation is used as a criterion to measure the image quality. The iterations are stopped when this measure converges, a result that is guaranteed. The integrated method is completely automatic, and no prior information on the image is required. The method has been given the name SPERRIL (Steerable Pyramid-based Estimation and Regularized Richardson–Lucy restoration). Compared with existing techniques by both objective measures and visual observation, in the SPERRIL-restored images noise is better suppressed.     

单晶硅表面金字塔微结构反射特性的研究

通过对化学腐蚀法制备的单晶硅表面微结构进行分析,建立了一种金字塔微结构的数学模型,采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)数值计算了波长在300～1 000 nm范围内微结构表面反射率随波长的变化规律,并将计算结果与实验测量结果进行了比较、分析和解释.在此基础上,针对不同实验条件下所形成的金字塔微结构差异,数值计算了几种不同参数金字塔结构表面的反射率随波长的变化规律.研究表明,反射率随金字塔的占空比和倾角的增大而减小,而金字塔尺寸变化对反射率的影响较小.当金字塔的结构参数为底边长2 μm、占空比1、倾角约60°时减反效果较好,平均反射率仅为6.28％.     

A Pyramid Inspired by Mathematics

An eighteenth-century pyramid near Brussels contains intriguing mathematical ratios that suggest they were influenced by Egyptomania of the period. Jesuit priest Athanasius Kircher published several books on mysticism and symbolism that were typical of the times. He also wrote a book on acoustics and described the “whispering gallery”, an effect which can be observed inside the Wespelaar pyramid.     

Applications of Inverted Pyramids Corroded by TMAH in PERL Silicon LED

In this paper,a novel and reliable structure of the side passivated emitter and the rear locally-diffused(PERL)silicon light emitting diodes(LEDs)is proposed.The inverted pyramids surface,the important interface in this structure,is given according to the experiment.The results show that the inverted pyramids surface has a low refection about 8%,in the anisotropic etching 70 ℃,5% TMAH concentration,corrosion time of 90 min or 30 min.Low refection means high light emitting rate.Most of the structure and manu...