基于稀疏表示的信号DOA估计

将信号DOA的估计问题转换为一个联合稀疏表示的求解问题.通过对接收数据矩阵的奇异值分解实现各时间和频率快拍数据的联合;然后通过求解一个平滑l0范数稀疏约束的联合优化问题实现信号源DOA的估计.基于稀疏表示的信号DOA估计方法不仅能够有效地减少数据量,而且具有以下优点:更好的抗噪声性能、更高的计算效率、适用于相关和非相关信号.通过与其他DOA估计方法的比较,表明了该方法的有效性和优越性.     

PEAK-INSENSITIVE NON-PARAMETRIC SPECTRUM ESTIMATION

Abstract. We study the problem of non-parametric spectrum estimation of a stationary time series that might contain periodic components. In this case the periodogram ordinates have a significant amplitude at frequencies near the frequencies of the periodic components. These can be regarded as outliers in an asymptotically exponential sample. We develop a non-parametric estimator for the spectral density that is insensitive to these outliers in the frequency domain. This is done by robustifying the usual kernel estimator (smoothed periodogram) by means of M-estimation in the frequency domain. We propose to use data-tapered periodograms, which yield a drastic improvement of the procedure, typically for the contaminated situation. This is both shown theoretically and supported by means of simulation. We show consistency of the resulting estimator in the general case, and asymptotic normality in the special case of a Gaussian time series, whether contamination is present or not. Finally we illustrate the finite sample performance of the estimating procedure by some simulation results and by application to the Canadian lynx trappings data.     

基于加权平滑l_0范数的单快拍波达方向估计

针对现有基于压缩感知的DOA估计算法估计精度不高的问题,提出一种基于加权平滑l0范数的单快拍DOA估计算法。所提算法采用一种新的加权方式,在构造一个恰当的平滑连续函数后,根据接收数据的初始解确定一个合适的递减的{σ}序列[σ_1,σ_2,?,σ_J],并对每一个σ值,用最速下降法来求解l0范数的逼近函数H_σ(S)的最小值;然后将该σ值作为下一次迭代的初始值,并在每次迭代开始时更新权值,通过多次的迭代获得逼近函数的最小解,即逼近的最小l0范数。通过仿真实验表明所提算法可对DOA进行有效估计,且容易实现、精度较高,与未加权的改进平滑l_0范数DOA估计方法相比具有更好的估计性能。     

基于改进EOH特征的行人检测

行人检测是物体检测领域的一大难点。为了进一步提高行人检测的精度和速度,将Kobi Levi和Yair Weiss提出的边缘方向直方图特征和传统的Adaboost算法两者有机地结合起来,提出了一种基于改进的EOH特征的行人检测算法。该算法首先对原先只适用于较为简单的人脸检测的EOH(edge orientation histogram)特征进行了改进,弥补了其对于行人的对称性特征的描述能力不足的问题,然后通过改进Adaboost算法中对样本权值进行调整的策略来减少overfitting。实验证明,该方法的检测性能能够接近目前行人检测的领先水平。在误报率为1/10000时,该算法在一个复杂的Inria行人数据集上的检测率可以达到90%。对于640×480大小的图片,该算法的检测速度可以达到2fps。     

An element-based formulation for ES-FEM and FS-FEM models for implementation in standard solid mechanics finite element codes for 2D and 3D static analysis

Edge-based and face-based smoothed finite element methods (ES-FEM and FS-FEM, respectively) are modified versions of the finite element method allowing to achieve more accurate results and to reduce sensitivity to mesh distortion, at least for linear elements. These properties make the two methods very attractive. However, their implementation in a standard finite element code is nontrivial because it requires heavy and extensive modifications to the code architecture. In this article, we present an element-based formulation of ES-FEM and FS-FEM methods allowing to implement the two methods in a standard finite element code with no modifications to its architecture. Moreover, the element-based formulation permits to easily manage any type of element, especially in 3D models where, to the best of the authors' knowledge, only tetrahedral elements are used in FS-FEM applications found in the literature. Shape functions for non-simplex 3D elements are proposed in order to apply FS-FEM to any standard finite element.     

基于0-保留扰动的高斯算法平滑复杂度分析

算法的平滑复杂度能够更合理地反映算法的实际性能.在运行高斯算法求解线性系统过程中,矩阵条件数是导致求解误差偏大的一个因素.Sankar等人用0-保留高斯扰动进行对称矩阵条件数平滑分析.然而,Sankar等人给出的平滑复杂度过高而且复杂.为了解决这个问题,首先提出了两个关键的不等式;然后将这两个不等式用于对称矩阵条件教的平滑分析,得到更简单、更低的平滑复杂度;并利用该结果对高斯算法求解精度进行平滑分析,从而得到更低的平滑复杂度.     

Self-swarming robots that exploit hydrodynamical interaction

Although numerous swarm robotic systems have already been developed, they have exhibited limited adaptability. This was partly because the previous researchers designed the control schemes on the basis of informational interaction, without considering the physical effects of the environment. To tackle this problem, we employ an unconventional approach: we design a control scheme for swarm robots based on their physical interaction in a hydrodynamic field, inspired by biological swarming. Through simulations using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, we show that the proposed control scheme allows agents to form an ordered swarm in response to their environment.     

A robust weakly compressible SPH method and its comparison with an incompressible SPH

This paper presents a comparative study for the weakly compressible (WCSPH) and incompressible (ISPH) smoothed particle hydrodynamics methods by providing numerical solutions for fluid flows over an airfoil and a square obstacle. Improved WCSPH and ISPH techniques are used to solve these two bluff body flow problems. It is shown that both approaches can handle complex geometries using the multiple boundary tangents (MBT) method, and eliminate particle clustering‐induced instabilities with the implementation of a particle fracture repair procedure as well as the corrected SPH discretization scheme. WCSPH and ISPH simulation results are compared and validated with those of a finite element method (FEM). The quantitative comparisons of WCSPH, ISPH and FEM results in terms of Strouhal number for the square obstacle test case, and the pressure envelope, surface traction forces, and velocity gradients on the airfoil boundaries as well as the lift and drag values for the airfoil geometry indicate that the WCSPH method with the suggested implementation produces numerical results as accurate and reliable as those of the ISPH and FEM methods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A simulation‐based algorithm for optimal pricing policy under demand uncertainty

We propose a simulation‐based algorithm for computing the optimal pricing policy for a product under uncertain demand dynamics. We consider a parameterized stochastic differential equation (SDE) model for the uncertain demand dynamics of the product over the planning horizon. In particular, we consider a dynamic model that is an extension of the Bass model. The performance of our algorithm is compared to that of a myopic pricing policy and is shown to give better results. Two significant advantages with our algorithm are as follows: (a) it does not require information on the system model parameters if the SDE system state is known via either a simulation device or real data, and (b) as it works efficiently even for high‐dimensional parameters, it uses the efficient smoothed functional gradient estimator.     

可控性的双层粒子刚体脆性破裂模拟动画

提出一种可控性的双层粒子模型的刚体脆性破裂动画的模拟框架.首先,使用接触力学分析撞击时固体内部产生的弹性位移并采用光滑粒子流体动力学进行离散求解,在此基础上建立一个可控性的内力分析模型.其次,提出一种双层粒子模型来对刚体进行建模,在保证内力计算精度的同时提高了刚体动力学中碰撞检测的效率.最后实现了多个刚体脆性模型场景的动画.该算法可适用于刚体脆性破裂模拟的动画应用.