以一种新的距离度量作为反馈的相关跟踪方法

基于相关的模板匹配方法在图像跟踪中得到了广泛的应用,但是这种方法的主要缺点是对图像噪声非常敏感,而且由这种方法得出的相关曲面比较平坦。为了有效抑制噪声和局部遮挡对图像的影响,提出用鲁棒统计中的一个值代替相关值作为距离度量。它不是计算两幅图像的对应像素差值,而是计算两幅图像中差别不大的对应像素对的个数。实验证明这样得到的曲面相对　　收稿日期:2003 08 31;　修订日期:2003 10 28作者简介:张桂林(1944 ),男,天津人,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为自动识别、人体生物统计特征识别、图像处理算法与系统性能评估等。　　　　　　　要尖锐得多。当上述的距离度量应用于跟踪过程中时,模板的合理更新对跟踪非常重要。基于上述的距离度量方法,提出了一种新的模板更新策略。利用两幅图像中近似像素在整修匹配模板像素中所占的比例大小决定加权系数。这种加权策略可以自适应地根据图像序列的变化选择更新相关模板,同时在一定程度上减小模板漂移的危险。     

Bandpass filters using periodically loaded combline resonators

A novel combline filter is proposed for cellular‐radio base stations. The Q‐factor is significantly improved. The eigenvalue equation is expressed with the single‐team approximation in the gap region of the combline resonator. A two‐pole combline filter is designed. The calculation, simulation, and experiment results are presented and are in good agreement. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2006.     

冷轧带肋钢筋直径与拉丝机卷筒直径的匹配

采用被动式工艺生产冷轧带肋钢筋须经过减径、成型两台轧机连续轧制．要求钢材的秒流量相等，否则将造成断线停产或线材在拉丝机卷筒上打滑，致使卷筒严重磨损．用双层卷筒拉丝机提供动力生产冷轧带肋钢筋时，线材直径与卷筒直径的匹配是在一个小的调整范围，通过轧机拉力控制在一定范围变化，可保证成品尺寸符合公差要求而不产生打滑，从而避免了卷筒严重磨损．     

Empirical comparison of image retrieval color similarity methods with human judgment

It is important to verify assumptions and methods of image retrieval against actual human behavior. A study was conducted to compare similarity methods of color histograms against human assessment of similarity. The similarity methods tested include basic histogram intersection, center histogram matching, locality histogram matching, and size-weighted histogram matching. 161 subjects participated in the empirical study. The findings, based on Spearman correlation analysis, showed that both the basic histogram intersection method and size-weighted histogram are very close to human assessment of similarity (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.915). The other two are not close to human judgment on similarity. This study illustrates an alternative approach to evaluating matching algorithms. Unlike the usual measures of recall and precision, this approach emphasizes human validation. Fewer images are required with the use of statistical testing.     

A simple approximation algorithm for the weighted matching problem

We present a linear time approximation algorithm with a performance ratio of 1/2 for finding a maximum weight matching in an arbitrary graph. Such a result is already known and is due to Preis [STACS'99, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci., Vol. 1563, 1999, pp. 259-269]. Our algorithm uses a new approach which is much simpler than the one given by Preis and needs no amortized analysis for its running time.     

Shift-or string matching with super-alphabets

Given a text T[1…n] and a pattern P[1…m] over some alphabet Σ of size σ, we want to find all the (exact) occurrences of P in T. The well-known shift-or algorithm solves this problem in time O(n⌈m/w⌉), where w is the number of bits in machine word, using bit-parallelism. We show how to extend the bit-parallelism in another direction, using super-alphabets. This gives a speed-up by a factor s, where s is the number of characters processed simultaneously. The algorithm is implemented, and we show that it works well in practice too. The result is the fastest known algorithm for exact string matching for short patterns and small alphabets.     

Geochemical characteristics of the Yufuin outflow plume, Beppu hydrothermal system, Japan

Thermal water at Yufuin (Kyushu Island, Japan) is tapped through about 820 shallow wells and used mainly for hot-spring bathing purposes. Chemical and isotopic data for fluids from wells and fumaroles in Yufuin and Beppu indicate that the thermal activity at Yufuin represents a dilute, westward-flowing hydrothermal outflow plume from the Beppu hydrothermal system. Two other (eastward-flowing) outflow plumes have long been recognized at Beppu, but the Yufuin outflow plume is first recognized here. The Yufuin outflow plume is apparently a mixture of two end-member fluids: (1) deep high-temperature (250–300°C) fluid from the Beppu system having high chloride concentration (1400–1600 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −6.0%, and (2) meteoric water having low chloride concentration (≤7 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −9.2%.A permeable conduit for the vertical and lateral transport of deep fluid from the Beppu system is provided by the Yufuin Fault zone, which extends westward from the southern flank of Mt. Tsurumi volcano to the town of Yufuin. Stable isotope ratios and chloride concentrations for shallow groundwaters near the eastern end of the fault, at an elevation near 700 m, are consistent with those required for the low-chloride meteoric end-member of the Yufuin thermal waters. Recharge of this meteoric water, as well as mixing with the Beppu deep fluid, may occur along the Yufuin Fault. Enthalpy-chloride relations indicate additional conductive heating of the Yufuin waters, in the amount of 350–500 kJ/kg beyond that which can be accounted for by mixing between Beppu deep fluid and meteoric water. This could be a result of conductive heating with convection to a depth of 1–2 km. Estimates of the magnitude of the heat source for the Beppu hydrothermal system should take into account the heat being discharged at Yufuin.     

指纹细节特征提取与剪枝

指纹图像经预处理后，由于各种原因，会产生数以百计的特征。为了图像匹配的精确和快速，提出一套在细化后的指纹点线图上提取细节特征并对其剪枝的方法，并根据细节特征的拓扑特性，设计了验证其可靠性的算法。通过实验，证明了该后处理过程在去除指纹图像伪特征方法面具有良好的效果。     

语音识别算法的确定与实现

在语音识别的实验中，对几种算法方案进行了比较、分析和择优淘劣，标准是在一定词汇量的条件下，权衡占用机器的内存空间、（正确）识别率和响应速度。力争使与话者有关的单词语音识别系统的设计达到优化，取得满意的结果。本文即是此项实验的总结。     

In the theory of blast waves

The behavior of the blast wave from an exploding spherical volume is investigated mathematically over the entire range of blast-wave propagation. The computational method uses analytical results for a similar problem for a point explosion with counter pressure and the theory of an asymptotically equivalent point explosion. The asymptotic solution of the gas-dynamic equations away from the explosion site is matched to the initial conditions of blast-wave formation due to the disintegration of the detonation shock upon its arrival at the boundary of the exploding volume. The spatial distribution of the blast-front pressure is found for combustible gaseous systems and solid explosives. The theoretical results obtained agree quantitatively with available experimental measurements. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 93–99, July–August, 2006.