浓香型大曲中降解生物胺菌株的筛选及应用

从浓香型白酒大曲中筛选出生物胺降解菌,并研究其生长特性和在固态发酵条件下降解生物胺的能力。利用高效液相色谱法测定发酵液中生物胺含量,得到1株降解生物胺效果最好的酵母菌,经形态学和分子生物学鉴定其为奥默柯达酵母,将其命名为Kodamaea ohmeri HJM。研究K.ohmer HJM的生长特性,得到其最高耐受温度为43℃,乙醇最高耐受体积分数为14%,耐受酸最低为pH 2,并具有较高的葡萄糖耐受性。在固态发酵条件下,利用小麦为发酵基质得到接种菌液样品组和空白对照组中生物胺含量具有显著差异(P<0.05),其对几种生物胺的降解率分别为:腐胺(39.19±0.08)%、尸胺(33.77±0.06)%、甲胺(32.44±0.06)%、乙胺(23.39±0.06)%、吡咯烷(63.42±0.02)%、异戊胺(49.83±0.07)%、环己胺(49.73±0.03)%、环戊胺(66.07±0.08)%。该研究从浓香型大曲中分离出对生物胺降解率较高的菌株,可为白酒中生物胺的调控提供参考价值。

Screening and application of biogenic amines degrading strain derived from Luzhou-flavor Daqu

Biogenic amines degrading strains were screened from Luzhou-flavor liquor Daqu,and their growth characteristics and ability to degrade biogenic amines under solid-state fermentation conditions were studied.The content of biogenic amines in wheat extract was determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and a yeast strain with the best degradation effect was obtained.It was identified as Kodamaea ohmeri by morphology and molecular biology,and named Kodamaea ohmeri HJM.The growth characteristics of K.ohmeri HJM were studied.The highest tolerance temperature was 43℃,the highest ethanol tolerance concentration was 14%,the lowest acid tolerance was pH 2,and it exhibited high glucose tolerance.Under the condition of solid-state fermentation,there was significant difference in biogenic amines content between the inoculated liquid and the blank control group(P<0.05).The degradation rates of biogenic amines were:putrescine(39.19±0.08)%,cadaverine(33.77±0.06)%,methylamine(32.44±0.06)%,ethylamine(23.39±0.06)%,pyrrolidine(63.42±0.02)%,isoamylamine(49.83±0.07)%,cyclohexylamine(49.73±0.03)%,cyclopentamine(66.07±0.08)%.In this study,strains with high biodegradation rate of biogenic amines were isolated from Luzhou-flavor Daqu,which could provide reference for the regulation of biogenic amines in Baijiu.