Influence of personality and individual abilities on the sense of presence experienced in anxiety triggering virtual environments |
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| Authors: | Ivan Alsina-Jurnet José Gutiérrez-Maldonado |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Segawa Neurological Clinic for Children, Japan;2. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Japan;1. Working Group Clinical Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria;2. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria;3. Research Group Entertainment Computing, University of Vienna, Austria;4. Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria;5. Karl Landsteiner Research Institute for Neurochemistry, Neuropharmacology, Neurorehabilitation and Pain Treatment, Landesklinikum Mauer, Austria;6. Department of Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Austria;1. School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;2. School of Psychology and Behavioural Science, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of New England, NSW 2351, Australia;3. Research School of Computer Science, College of Engineering & Computer Science, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia;4. School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Australia;1. Technische Universität Chemnitz, Professorship for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Reichenhainer Straße 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;2. University Hospital Leipzig, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;3. Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Innovation Systems, Donau-City-Str., 1 1220 Vienna, Austria;4. University of Otago, Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy Group, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;5. University of Leipzig, Department of Anatomy, Liebigstraße 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;1. M.I.N.D. (Media Interface & Network Design) Lab, S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, United States;2. Department of Computer Science, School of Humanities and Sciences, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States;3. Department of Interaction Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 110-745, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | In the literature, there are few studies of the human factors involved in the engagement of presence. The present study aims to investigate the influence of five user characteristics – test anxiety, spatial intelligence, verbal intelligence, personality and computer experience – on the sense of presence. This is the first study to investigate the influence of spatial intelligence on the sense of presence, and the first to use an immersive virtual reality system to investigate the relationship between users’ personality characteristics and presence. The results show a greater sense of presence in test anxiety environments than in a neutral environment. Moreover, high test anxiety students feel more presence than their non-test anxiety counterparts. Spatial intelligence and introversion also influence the sense of presence experienced by high test anxiety students exposed to anxiety triggering virtual environments. These results may help to identify new groups of patients likely to benefit from virtual reality exposure therapy. |
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