铝粉粒度对奥克托今基空爆温压炸药能量释放的影响

为了研究含铝空爆温压炸药(TBX)的能量释放规律及铝粉粒度对其的影响，以野外近地实测与有限元分析软件Autodyn数值计算相结合，获得了TBX的冲击波超压场。对梯恩梯（TNT）在空爆情况下的超压场进行实验及其分析，基于TNT实验结果分析了TBX的能量水平以及铝的后燃烧效应对爆热的贡献。结果表明：含铝TBX的能量释放率呈现先降低、后逐渐升高的趋势，TBX在3 m近场处的超压主要由高能炸药及氧化剂贡献；而5 m处铝粉吸热，出现削弱冲击波的现象；由于铝粉的后燃烧效应，远场处的能量释放率较高，5 kg TBX在13 m处可达到1.93倍TNT当量。铝粉粒度对TBX的影响主要体现在氧化铝对总能量的衰减作用和细铝粉对远场的超压贡献不足两个方面。采用5 kg TBX实测数据对Autodyn模拟结果进行校正，通过校正过的约束条件计算质量为1 000 kg的TBX，计算得到颗粒级配铝粉的TBX有效毁伤半径可达72 m，较TNT增加了50%.

Influence of Aluminum Powder on Energy Release of HMX-based Air-blast Thermobaric Explosives

The shock wave overpressure field was measured through air-blast explosion experiment and calculated by using Autodyn to obtain the energy release law of the aluminized thermobaric explosive (TBX) and the influence of aluminum (Al) powder particle size. The overpressure field of TNT under air-blast loading was measured. The energy level of TBXs was evaluated based on TNT, and the after-burn effect of Al and its contribution to detonation heat were analyzed. The results show that the detonation heats of HMX and AP are due to the overpressure at 3 m. The energy release rate of aluminized TBX decreases due to the decalescence of Al, and increases after Al participating in the reaction. The after-burn effect of Al results in the high energy release rate in far-field, and the overpressure at 13 m approaches to 1.93 TNT equivalent. The two major influences of Al particle size on TBX mainly show in Al₂O₃ impairing the whole energy of TBX and the contribution of fine Al powder to the far-field overpressure of TBX being relatively lower. The results simulated by Autodyn was adjusted according to the measured data of 5 kg TBX, and the overpressure of 1 000 kg TBX was calculated using the adjusted constraint. The results show that the effective radius of damage of TBX approaches to 72 m, and is increased by about 50% compared with that of TNT.