爆炸成型弹丸垂直侵彻装甲钢靶后破片动能分析

为获得具有较大动能的靶后破片来源以及轴向位置，开展了爆炸成型弹丸（EFP）垂直侵彻装甲钢的试验和仿真研究。借助经过试验验证的仿真方法，分析不同靶板厚度(30~70 mm)、不同EFP着靶速度(1 650~1 860 m/s)下，某典型EFP垂直侵彻装甲钢板后靶板和EFP产生的靶后破片速度、质量沿轴向的分布规律。结果表明：靶板和EFP产生的靶后破片速度随轴向位置近似呈线性增加，当靶板厚度或EFP着靶速度二者之一固定时其斜率固定，并且破片来源(由靶板或EFP产生)对包络线截距的影响也很小；靶板产生的大质量(>10 g) 破片均分布在破片云中间或者靠近靶板的位置，EFP产生的大质量(>10 g)破片均分布在远离靶板的位置；具有较大动能的靶后破片主要由EFP产生，并位于远离靶板的位置。

Analysis of Kinetic Energy of Behind-armor Debris Generated during the Normal Penetration of EFP into Armor Steel

The normal penetration of explosively formed penetrator (EFP) into armor steel is test and simulated to obtain the origin and axial position of behind-armor debris (BAD) with bigger kinetic energy. The axial distribution of velocity and mass of BAD generated during the normal penetration of EFP into armor steel under the conditions of different thicknesses of target (30-70 mm) and different impact velocities of EFP (1 650-1 860 m/s) were analyzed by the simulation method. The results indicate that the velocities of BAD from target and EFP increase approximately linearly with its axial position, the slope of envelope line is also constant when the target thickness or impact velocity of EFP is constant, and the intercept of envelope lines is affected weakly by debris origin (generated by target or EFP); the heavy (>10 g) BADs from target are in the middle of BAD cloud or close to target, and the heavy (>10 g) BADs from EFP are far from target; and the BADs with bigger kinetic energy are generated by EFP and far from target.