3D/4D CAD Applicability for Life-Cycle Facility Management

A range of studies have shown that three-dimensional (3D)/four-dimensional (4D) computer-aided design (CAD) has positively impacted the productivity and safety of construction processes. However, its potential impact on the entire life cycle of construction projects has not yet been fully investigated. The opinions of construction professionals have generally been reported on the basis of one-time interviews during several case studies. No statistical approach has yet been adopted to examine the whole spectrum of views about 3D/4D CAD use in construction projects. This study presents a comprehensive statistical analysis about how construction engineers perceive the effectiveness of 3D/4D CAD during various tasks of the construction project life cycle. A focus group interview and a review of the literature produced a total of 35?application areas in which 3D/4D CAD can possibly improve existing construction processes. We identified the areas in which 3D/4D CAD has a high potential to significantly enhance project results by using an importance-performance analysis (IPA) and a questionnaire-based survey involving 165?respondents. These study results are expected to provide new business strategies for 3D/4D CAD by broadening its traditional application realm.