绝缘子污秽的微波辐射特性研究

为较好地了解绝缘子上污秽的分布,根据微波辐射特性,提出了基于污秽物在微波波段的辐射特性差异来检测绝缘子绝缘状况的方法,其原理是绝缘子上有污秽物时发射率会随着污秽量和污秽性质变化导致辐射计的输出变化。在实验室中通过测量涂污绝缘子在污、湿环境中的天线温度,可得到等值盐密与天线温度的对应关系,从而可依据测量的天线温度去对应绝缘子的污秽程度。结果表明,绝缘子的污秽程度与天线温度有着较严格的对应关系。这种污秽量、水气与天线温度的确定关系,为准确监测绝缘子的污秽状况提供了理论依据,特别是对于污秽物与水共同作用,导致绝缘强度降低,造成污闪的现象,这种方法更接近实际工况。

Research on the Pollution of the Insulators Based on the Properties of Microwave Radiation

According to the properties of microwave radiation,this paper proposes a new method to detect the pollution on insulators by microwave radiometer based on the pollution's radiation characteristic.Because the pollution's radiation in the different microwave regions are different.When insulators has the contamination,the emissivity would be changed along with change of the pollution's quantity and property,finally the microwave radiometer output change.According to the above principle,the certain equivalent salt deposit density is selected in the laboratory according to the national standard to correspond the emissivity.Through detecting certain salt densely on insulators in the contaminants and wet conditions,the relation between equivalent salt densely and the antenna temperature can be obtained.As a result,the method to detect insulator by microwave radiometer detecting under different pollution condition is developed.This kind of pollution's quantity,the moisture and brightness temperature is certainly related,it provides theories for the accurate detection. The method approaches the actual operating mode.The principle of the properties of radiation is introduced.The detailed processes of the method and results are given.