聚磷酸铵的合成及其在聚丙烯阻燃中的应用

聚丙烯具有易燃性,限制其进一步应用。以磷酸二氢铵、五氧化二磷、尿素为原料合成聚磷酸铵,然后将其应用于聚丙烯中考察其阻燃性。在氨气压力为0.5 MPa、温度295℃下反应1.5 h,停止加热,降温至150℃,得到聚磷酸铵。红外光谱和X-衍射线表明合成聚磷酸铵是I型和II型混合型。当聚丙烯复合材料中膨胀型阻燃剂质量分数为30%,极限氧指数达30.8%,通过UL-94测试。结果表明,应用聚磷酸铵为原料的阻燃剂具有较好的阻燃性能。

Synthesis of ammonium polyphosphate and its application in flame-retarded polypropylene

Polypropylene is flammable,which limits its further application.Ammonium polyphosphate is prepared with ammonium dihydrogen,phosphorus pentoxide and urea and then it is applied in polypropylene to study the flame retardant in polypropylene.The reaction lasts 1.5 h under the condition that the ammonia pressure is 0.5 MPa and the temperature is 295 ℃,then the heating is stopped,cooling to 190 ℃,obtaining ammonium polyphosphate.Infrared spectra and X-diffraction spectra show that the synthesized ammonium polyphosphate is a mixed type of Ⅰ and Ⅱ.When the content of intumescent flame retardant is 30％,the limiting oxygen index of PP composite is up to 30.8％,which is tested by UL-94.The results show that the flame retardant with ammonium polyphosphate as the raw material has good performance.