纵向焊接铝合金柱设计方法研究

大多数结构用铝合金通常要经过热处理或加工硬化以得到比退火状态更高的力学性能。这种合金焊接后,焊接热会使焊缝附近局部区域(称为热影响区HAZ)强度降低。而对于钢结构,由于其热导率比铝材小得多,因此只有高强钢才可能产生强度降低的热影响区,而且其强度的降低没有铝合金显著,热影响区宽度也比铝合金小得多。这将使焊接铝合金柱的设计变得更为复杂。由于我国目前还没有关于铝合金结构的设计规范,为此本文通过试验研究及对已有试验数据的分析,并参考国外规范,提出了纵向焊接铝合金柱设计方法的建议,并将计算结果与试验结果进行比较,两者吻合较好,从而验证了建议设计公式的适用性。

A study on the design method for aluminum columns with longitudinal welds

Most aluminum alloys employed in structures are either heat-treated or cold-hardened in order to develop higher mechanical properties than those in the annealed state.When alloys with enhanced properties are welded,its strength will be reduced due to the welding heat in a region adjacent to the welds,called the Heat Affected Zone(HAZ).Because the heat exchange ratio of steel is much lower than that of aluminum alloys,HAZ only occurs for high strength steels with much smaller width and strength reduction.This makes the design of welded aluminum columns much more complicated than the design of a welded steel column.Up to now,there is still no code for aluminum structures in China.Tests were carried out,and analyses of the existing experimental results conducted,based on which and by referring to the foreign codes,suggestions for the design of longitudinally welded aluminum columns are proposed.The design results are in good agreement with the test results,indicating that the proposed design method is practical.