阳极结构设计探析

阳极是预焙电解槽的核心部件。阳极质量直接影响阳极电流密度的提高及电解系列强化电流；阳极结构形式及各设计参数的确定与阳极电压降密切相关。本文提出阳极炭块质量标准及设计要求， 以降低电压降为主线， 分析阳极炭块形状尺寸、阳极钢爪数量、钢爪直径与炭碗孔径等对阳极压降的影响； 各项参数选取的依据， 探讨其合理的参数值； 对材料与温度的关系进行力学分析， 探讨减小生产中阳极钢爪热变形的方法。

Study on Design of Anode Configuration

The anode is the core part of a prebaked anode cell.The quality of the anode has direct influence on the density and efficiency of the electric current in the cell.The configuration of the anode and its design features are closely related to the voltage drop of the anode.This paper proposes the quality criteria of the carbon block for making the anode and raises requirements on the design of the block.In order to minimize the voltage drop,the effects of the shape and dimensions of the block,the number and diameter of the steel claws and the aperture of the carbon bowls on the drop are analyzed.The criteria for selecting various parameters for design are explored.Based on the thermodynamic analysis of the relation between the carbon material and its service temperature,the method for easing the thermal deformation of the claws is discussed.