基于激光准直瞄准的大直径测量系统的研究

如何提高大尺寸工件的在线测量精度，是大型机械加工的重要课题。针对大型立式车床的加工环境，本文提出了一种大端面工件在线测量方案。该方案采用激光准直瞄准定位，以测量瞄准误差为补偿，其合理的光路设计清除了阿贝误差，提高了瞄准精度。由于瞄准是以激光准直光束为基准，激光束的漂移造成基准的不稳定是整个测量系统最大的误差来源，而该方案采用“双光束反向漂移补偿法”抑制光束漂移，使角漂误差达到10^-6rad量级。实验结果表明，本方案的测量精度完全满足IT6的加工要求。

Study of large diameter measurement system with laser collimation

How to improve the precision of online measurement of large size workpiece is an important task for large machining. In this paper the authors propose a method of online measurement of large workpiece for the machining environment of large vertical lathe.The method adopts laser collimation to target the location, takes the collimating error as compensation, and the reasonable design of light path clears the Abbe error,as a result, the collimation precision is improved. Because the collimation is based on collimating beam of laser, the instability of the reference caused by the drift of the beam is the largest error source in whole system. The proposed method adopts dual beam inverse drift compensation to restrain the drift of the beam, so that the angle drift error is reduced to the level of 10-6 rad. Experiment results demonstrate that using proposed method, the measurement precision fully meets the machining requirement of IT6.