Thermal analysis and performance optimization of a solar hot water plant with economic evaluation |
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| Authors: | Young-Deuk Kim Kyaw Thu Hitasha Kaur Bhatia Charanjit Singh Bhatia Kim Choon Ng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Water Desalination and Reuse Center, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore;3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore;1. Department of Thermofluids, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;3. Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, USA;2. Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering and Division of Construction Engineering and Management, West Lafayette, IN, USA;3. The University of Western Ontario, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, London, Ontario, Canada;1. EXQUISITUS, Centre for E-City, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore;2. State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Department of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China |
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| Abstract: | The main objective of this study is to optimize the long-term performance of an existing active-indirect solar hot water plant (SHWP), which supplies hot water at 65 °C for use in a flight kitchen, using a micro genetic algorithm in conjunction with a relatively detailed model of each component in the plant and solar radiation model based on the measured data. The performance of SHWP at Changi International Airport Services (CIASs), Singapore, is studied for better payback period using the monthly average hourly diffuse and beam radiations and ambient temperature data. The data input for solar radiation model is obtained from the Singapore Meteorological Service (SMS), and these data have been compared with long-term average data of NASA (surface meteorology and solar energy or SSE). The comparison shows a good agreement between the predicted and measured hourly-averaged, horizontal global radiation.The SHWP at CIAS, which comprises 1200 m2 of evacuated-tube collectors, 50 m3 water storage tanks and a gas-fired auxiliary boiler, is first analyzed using a baseline configuration, i.e., (i) the local solar insolation input, (ii) a coolant flow rate through the headers of collector based on ASHRAE standards, (iii) a thermal load demand pattern amounting to 100 m3/day, and (iv) the augmentation of water temperature by auxiliary when the supply temperature from solar tank drops below the set point. A comparison between the baseline configuration and the measured performance of CIAS plant gives reasonably good validation of the simulation code. Optimization is further carried out for the following parameters, namely; (i) total collector area of the plant, (ii) storage volume, and (iii) three daily thermal demands. These studies are performed for both the CIAS plant and a slightly modified plant where the hot water supply to the load is adjusted constant at times when the water temperature from tank may exceed the set temperature. It is found that the latter configuration has better thermal and economic performances over the conventional design. |
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