宁夏半干旱区玉米滴灌灌溉制度试验研究

为了促进宁夏半干旱区节水灌溉技术的推广应用,本文针对宁夏扬黄灌区规模推广玉米大田滴灌缺乏相关滴灌灌溉制度的突出问题,采用大田小区对比试验与示范区技术应用监测相结合的方法,开展了玉米裸地滴灌灌溉制度试验研究。在综合分析玉米生育期灌溉定额、土壤含水率变化、耗水量、作物产量、水分生产效率的基础上,研究提出了玉米生育期滴灌11~12次、灌水定额300~450 m3/hm~2,灌溉定额4 200~4 425 m3/hm~2的滴灌灌溉制度。研究结果表明:玉米大田滴灌目标产量15 000 kg/hm~2,水分生产效率达到3.0 kg/m3,玉米滴灌较大田畦灌可提高经济效益3 735元/hm~2,同时节水1 800 m3/hm~2、节水30%以上。

Experimental study on irrigation schedule of maize drip irrigation in semi-arid region of Ningxia Province

In order to promote the extension and application of water-saving irrigation technology in semi-arid area of Ningxia, in this paper, considering the lack of drip irrigation system in the promotion of maize field drip irrigation in Ningxia Yanghuang Irrigation District, the experimental study on the irrigation system of maize bare soil was carried out by using the method of field experiment and demonstration application. Based on the comprehensive analysis of irrigation quota, soil water content change, water consumption, crop yield and water production efficiency, the paper suggested that drip irrigation in maize growth period was 11-12 times, irrigation quota was 300-450 m³/hm², and irrigation fixed volume was 4 200-4 425 m³/hm². The results showed that the target yield of maize field drip irrigation was 15 000 kg/hm², the water production efficiency reached 3.0 kg/m³, and the corn field drip irrigation could improve the economic benefit by 3 735 m³/hm².Thewater saving was 1 800 m³/hm² and accounted for more than 30%.