Development of long-lived high-performance zinc-calcium/nickel oxide cells |
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| Authors: | R Jain T C Adler F R McLarnon E J Cairns |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Energy & Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA;(2) Present address: 254-E College Avenue, 94306 Palo Alto, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The addition of Ca(OH)2 to the zinc electrode of Zn/KOH/NiOOH cells was investigated in order to determine its effect on the rate of zinc active material redistribution (shape change) and cell cycle-life performance. Cells of equal mass and capacity, and therefore the same specific energy, containing 0, 10, 25, and 40 mol% Ca(OH)2 in their zinc electrodes were constructed and tested. The Ca(OH)2 and Zn(OH)
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2–
-supersaturated KOH solution formed a calcium-zincate complex during the discharge half-cycle. The solubility of this complex is less than that of ZnO, and the lower zinc species solubility leads to a slower rate of Zn redistribution, thereby extending the cell cycle life. The best cells tested were those with 25%-Ca(OH)2 electrodes, which lost capacity at a rate of 0.13%/cycle, compared to 0.47%/cycle in calcium-free control cells constructed in the same manner. Also, zinc active material utilization in the calcium-containing electrodes showed a dramatic improvement, compared to the calcium-free zinc electrodes. |
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