冲击负荷对粪便污水土地处理效果的影响

以土壤、粗砂、高分子有机亲水材料等构建了一套新型的人工土柱系统,并将其应用于厕所化粪池出水的处理。结果表明,人工土柱对粪便污水中的有机物、氮、磷等污染物具有良好的去除效果和稳定性能,其对CODCr、BOD5、TN、NH＋4-N、TP的平均去除率分别达91.7%、96.2%、95.6%、96.0%及99.8%。水力负荷考察表明,冲击负荷对CODCr、BOD5、TN、TP等污染物的去除率影响不大,但渗滤系统透水性能受冲击负荷影响较大,在水力负荷为50 cm/d时系统饱和渗透速率降到初始值的2/3;为保证系统的长期稳定运行,系统水力负荷应维持在31.25 cm/d以下。

Effect of Hydraulic Loading Rate on the Performance of Night-soil Wastewater Land Treatment Technology

A novel artificial soil column system （ASC） was constructed and applied to the night-soil wastewater treatment. The soil column was composed of soil, sand, macromolecule organic hydrophilic materials, etc. The results showed that ASC had a high stable removal rate on organic matfer, nitrogen, phosphorus etc. in night-soil wastewater, the average removal rate of CODcr BODs, TN, TP were 91.7 %, 96.2 %, 95.6 %, 96.0 % and 99.8 %, respectively. The study on hydraulic loading rate showed that shock loading had little effect on the removal rate of CODc~ BODs, TN, TP, and so on, but it had great effect on saturated infiltration rate of the infiltration system. When hydraulic loading rate increased to 50 cm/d, saturated infiltration rate was decreased to 2/3 of its initial date. In order to maintain the long-term stability of ASC system, hydraulic loading rate should be kept under 31.25 cm/d.