SAR图像海洋表面油膜检测方法

海洋表面油膜对海洋环境影响极大,因此,及时获取海面油膜信息对保护海洋具有重要意义。目前各国采用的油膜检测方法主要有直接探测法和遥感方法。其中,遥感方法中的合成孔径雷达(SAR)是目前研究的热点。总结了SAR图像应用于海面油膜检测的主要特点,介绍并分析比较了SAR图像油膜检测的一般步骤及其实现方法。最后提出了SAR图像海洋表面油膜检测的发展方向。

Oil Spill Detection Methods in SAR Images

Oil spill has tremendous effect on marine environment. Therefore, it is significant for protecting marine environment to get oil spill information timely. Presently, the methods which most countries adopt to detect oil spill are mainly direct detection or remote sensing methods. Among these methods, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), one technique of remote sensing methods, has been becoming a hot research field nowadays. This paper concludes main characters of SAR images in oil spill detection. It introduces, compares and analyses the oil spill detection steps and realized techniques. There are four steps in oil spill detection process, including filtering, target detection, feature extraction and classification. Filtering can be completed by several filtering techniques, such as Lee, advanced Lee and Frost. General speaking, there are four methods can realize target detection, which are single threshold, adaptive threshold, wavelet transform and max entropy method. About the third step, feature extraction, 12 features can be used to represent oil spill. Classification is a key and difficult step in oil spill detection, in which algorithms based on Bayes and neural network can be adopted. Finally, the paper points out the development direction of oil spill detection in SAR images.