三作用固定阀抽油泵研制与应用（） 摘要: 关键词:

针对油田开发中所面临的自喷转抽井因油压高、无法正常起下管柱和高凝油井管柱结蜡堵塞无法泄油等问题，设计了一种三作用固定阀抽油泵。该特种固定阀由换向弹簧、导轨管、转向销、圆锥体、复位弹簧、半阀球等部件构成，通过转向销处在导轨管中的不同位置，可实现泄油、堵塞和单流阀等3个作用，较好地实现了溢流井不压井起下管柱和结蜡井正常泄油。自2009年以来，现场应用三作用固定阀抽油泵15井次，其中自喷转抽井应用7井次，高含蜡井应用8井次，作业成功率100%。现场应用表明，三作用固定阀可以有效减少作业周期，降低压井作业对油层的伤害。

Calculation of polished rod load of hydraulic feedback heavy oil pumping system

In order to demonstrate the easy-running-down ability of hydraulic feedback heavy oil pump, on the basis of analyzing the operational principles and stress state of this pump, a polished load calculating model of the pump is established for heavy oil wells with hydraulic feedback heavy oil pump during production mixed with light oil. By comparing it with the calculating model of the commonly-used tube pump, the performance of easy running down for the hydraulic feedback heavy oil pump is found, and the factors which affect the down stroke are analyzed. Using the model to calculate the polished rod load for Well A which is producing heavy oil mixed with light oil, the errors are within 10% compared with the field measured data, which proved the reliability of the model.