On the Road to Accurate Protein Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Current Status and Future Advances |
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| Authors: | Yiwu Yan Su Yeon Yeon Chen Qian Sungyong You Wei Yang |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.Y.); (C.Q.); (S.Y.);2.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;3.Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;4.Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA |
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| Abstract: | Prostate cancer (PC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among men worldwide. Molecular biomarkers work in conjunction with existing clinicopathologic tools to help physicians decide who to biopsy, re-biopsy, treat, or re-treat. The past decade has witnessed the commercialization of multiple PC protein biomarkers with improved performance, remarkable progress in proteomic technologies for global discovery and targeted validation of novel protein biomarkers from clinical specimens, and the emergence of novel, promising PC protein biomarkers. In this review, we summarize these advances and discuss the challenges and potential solutions for identifying and validating clinically useful protein biomarkers in PC diagnosis and prognosis. The identification of multi-protein biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity, as well as their integration with clinicopathologic parameters, imaging, and other molecular biomarkers, bodes well for optimal personalized management of PC patients. |
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| Keywords: | prostate cancer biomarker proteomics diagnosis prognosis |
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