一种分析碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像的新方法

碳酸盐岩的孔隙类型多，孔径变化范围大，孔隙系统结构复杂，研究难度大。长期以来，是利用光学显微镜法、毛细管压力分析法、岩石孔隙系统复制法和图像分析仪法等方法或其中几种方法配合来研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统。随着计算机图像技术的迅速发展和日益完善，借助该项技术通过碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像来研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统已经成为现实。文章提出一种研究碳酸盐岩孔隙系统数字图像的新方法。通过样品光薄片的光学显微镜（OM）数字图像和环境扫描电子显微镜（ESEM）数字图像二值化识别孔隙；构造孔隙度、孔隙贡献率和孔隙形状参数的计算公式用于数字图像分析，得到孔隙大小分布和孔隙形状分布。在此基础上，总结碳酸盐岩孔隙参数对其渗透率的控制作用。与传统的孔隙系统研究方法相比，该方法与计算机图像技术紧密结合，具有定量、快速的明显优势。

A NEW APPROACH OF ANALYZING DIGITAL IMAGE OF PORE SYSTEM OF CARBONATE ROCKS

Carbonate rocks are characterized by multiple pore types, large variation of pore diameters, and complex structure of pore system. Traditionally, the pore systems of carbonate rocks are studied by using one or combination of the following methods, including optical microscopic analysis, capillary pressure analysis, reproduction of the pore system and image analyzer. Along with the rapid development and improvement of computer image technology, digital images of pore system of carbonate rocks have been successfully used in study of the pore systems. This paper presents a new approach to study the digital mages of the pore systems of carbonate rocks. Binaryzation identification of pores is realized through the combination of optical microscopic (OM) and environmental scanning electron microspoic (ESEM) digital images of samples. The formula of structural porosity, pore contribution rate, and pore configuration are used in analysis of the digital images to achieve the distributions of pore size and pore shape. The control of pore parameters on permeability of carbonate rocks is further discussed. In comparison with the traditional methods, this approach is closely combined with computer image technology and has the advantages of quantitativeness and rapidness.