Sialyl-LacNAc-PNA⋅DNA Concatamers by Rolling-Circle Amplification as Multivalent Inhibitors of Influenza A Virus Particles |
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Authors: | Victor Bandlow Dr Daniel Lauster Dr Kai Ludwig Malte Hilsch Valentin Reiter-Scherer Prof Dr Jürgen P Rabe Dr Christoph Böttcher Prof Dr Andreas Herrmann Prof Dr Oliver Seitz |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany;2. Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany;3. Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany;4. Institute of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany |
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Abstract: | The surfaces of influenza A virus (IAV) particles are packed with hundreds of homo-trimeric hemagglutinins (HAs). Monovalent sugars have low affinity for HA, but distance-optimized bivalent sialyl-LacNAc (SLN) conjugates bind it with 103-fold enhanced potency. Herein, we describe the oligomerization of distance-optimized bivalent binders by branched and linear hybridization on long repetitive DNA templates. The most effective complexes fully inhibited IAVs at a DNA template concentration of 10−9 m . Although a 10−2 m concentration of free trisaccharide ligand is required for full inhibition of the virus, DNA templating enables a 104-fold reduction in the amount of sugar required. Notably, hybridization-induced rigidification of the DNA templates increased the serospecificity. Cryo-TEM analysis revealed that both spaghetti-type linear forms and cotton-ball-like clusters are able to bridge several adjacent HA molecules on the IAV surface. Programmed self-assembly of ligand–nucleic acid conjugates on long DNA templates might provide generic access to target-specific, high-affinity binders of proteins on globular objects such as cells and viruses. |
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Keywords: | antiviral agents influenza inhibitors multivalency nucleic acids rolling-circle amplification |
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