Learning and transfer: A general role for analogical encoding. |
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Authors: | Gentner, Dedre Loewenstein, Jeffrey Thompson, Leigh |
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Abstract: | Teaching by examples and cases is widely used to promote learning, but it varies widely in its effectiveness. The authors test an adaptation to case-based learning that facilitates abstracting problem-solving schemas from examples and using them to solve further problems: analogical encoding, or learning by drawing a comparison across examples. In 3 studies, the authors examined schema abstraction and transfer among novices learning negotiation strategies. Experiment 1 showed a benefit for analogical learning relative to no case study. Experiment 2 showed a marked advantage for comparing two cases over studying the 2 cases separately. Experiment 3 showed that increasing the degree of comparison support increased the rate of transfer in a face-to-face dynamic negotiation exercise. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) |
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Keywords: | negotiation strategies schema abstraction problem solving schemas transfer of principles learned from examples analogical encoding undergraduates |
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