季戊四醇磷酸酯/玻纤复合改性酚醛泡沫的燃烧行为

以季戊四醇磷酸酯（pentaerythritol phosphate， PEPA）和玻纤为改性剂，制备了季戊四醇磷酸酯/玻纤改性酚醛泡沫. 利用热重分析、极限氧指数、锥形量热仪对泡沫材料燃烧行为进行了分析. 测试结果表明:加入3%的PEPA，改性酚醛泡沫氧指数值增加了38%；加入3%PEPA和1%的玻纤后，改性酚醛泡沫氧指数值增加了26%；PEPA的加入能明显提高改性酚醛泡沫的初始分解温度和残炭量. 与未改性酚醛泡沫相比，PEPA改性和复合改性酚醛泡沫的最初燃烧的热释放速率分别下降47%和36%，热释放总量降低约50%，能有效降低改性酚醛泡沫引起火灾的可能性和火灾危险中的燃烧程度. 同时，PEPA改性和玻纤复合改性能显著降低酚醛泡沫质量损失速率、有效燃烧热量和烟释放速率，从而有效抑制酚醛泡沫燃烧时烟气的产生，降低其火灾危险性.

Combustion Behavior of Phenolic Foam Modified by PEPA/Glass Fiber

Flame-retarded phenolic foams （PF） were prepared by adding pentaerythritol phosphate （PEPA） and glass fiber as modifiers. The combustion behaviors of the phenolic foams were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA）， limiting oxygen index （LOI）， and cone calorimeter. The results of LOI and TGA showed that flame retardancy of the phenolic foams significantly increased. The LOI of modified phenolic foams increased by 38% after adding mass fraction of 3 % PEPA， while that increased by 26% after adding mass fraction of 3% PEPA and 1% glass fiber. The initial decomposition temperature and carbon residue quantity of modified phenolic foams also increased. The heat release rate of modified with PEPA and PEPA-glass fiber composites foams significantly reduced by 47% and 36% ， and the total heat release reduced by 50%. The mass loss rate， degree of combustion， effective heat of combustion， smoke release rate and possibility of fire risk of PEPA modified phenolic foams and PEPA-glass fiber composite modified phenolic foams significantly reduced. At the same time， PEPA and glass fiber modification can significantly reduce the mass loss rate of the phenolic foams. Moreover， the decrease of effective combustion heat and the smoke release rate can effectively suppress the generation of flue gas， and reduce the risk of fire.