EPR studies of (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase substituted by Ruthenium ions |
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Authors: | AI Abou-AlyR Awad SA MahmoudMME Barakat |
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Affiliation: | Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt |
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Abstract: | This work studied X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), electrical resistivity and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements for Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2.1Cu3−xRuxO10+δ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) superconducting samples. XRD analysis and electrical resistivity data showed that the low-content of Ru, x ≤ 0.05, enhanced both the phase formation and the superconducting transition temperature of (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase. A phase change from (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase to (Bi, Pb)-2212 phase was reported for x ≥ 0.15. Two EPR lines were observed for 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.075, indicating the presence of both (Bi, Pb)-2223 and (Bi, Pb)-2212 phases. While, one EPR line was observed for x ≥ 0.15, corresponding to the (Bi, Pb)-2212 phase formation. The number of spins (N) participating in the resonance and its spin paramagnetic susceptibility (χ), for the two phases, were calculated as a function of both Ru-content and temperature. In addition, we reported the variation of activation energy (Ea), Curie constant (C), Curie temperature (θ) and effective magnetic moment (μ) with Ru-content. |
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Keywords: | (Bi Pb)-2223 phase Ru-content EPR Curie temperature |
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