高(含)酸原油加工装置的化学防腐新技术

通过对高(含)酸原油特性进行研究，发现环烷酸盐不但促进环烷酸对碳钢的腐蚀，而且增加原油破乳难度。高(含)酸原油加工装置的腐蚀问题可采用含酸原油腐蚀性评价、破乳脱盐、脱金属、中和缓蚀、高温缓蚀等综合技术方案来解决，试验结果表明：中国石化石油化工科学研究院开发的挂片腐蚀失重新方法可以较真实地评价原油对碳钢的腐蚀性，专用破乳剂和脱金属剂对高(含)酸原油的破乳脱盐脱水脱金属效果优异，中和缓蚀剂可以有效抑制冷凝冷却系统的“露点”腐蚀，高温缓蚀剂可以大幅度降低高温部位的腐蚀速率。

NEW PROGRESS OF CHEMICAL ANTICORROSIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR UNITS PROCESSING HIGH ACID CRUDE

By studying the characteristics of high acid crude, it is found that naphthenates not only promote naphthenic acid corrosion, but also increase the difficulty of water/oil system demulsification. The corrosion of unit processing high acid crude could be solved by technologies, such as evaluating the corrosiveness of crude, adopting demulsifier, neutralizing corrosion inhibitor and high temperature corrosion inhibiter comprehensively. Test results show that a new corrosion evaluation method based on copper strip weight loss developed by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing can simulate the corrosion of carbon steel by crude oil veritably. Some tailored demulsifier and metal removing agent packages exhibit excellent demulsification, demetallization, desalting and dehydration effect for processing high acid crude. Neutralizing corrosion inhibitors could effectively suppress "dew point" corrosion in condensing and cooling system; high temperature corrosion inhibiters reduce the corrosion rate at high temperature sites significantly.