过氟化聚合物的苯乙烯接枝研究--辐照条件与反应条件的影响

Study on styrene grafting onto per-fluorinated polymers effects of irradiation and reaction conditions

Fuel cell is in focus as a very low exhaust new dynamo system. Especially polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) using proton exchange membranes (PEM) have attracted much attention for the electrical vehicle and other mobile applications such as cellar phone and personal computer. Conventional perfluoro-sulfonic acid membranes such as Nation() (DuPont de Nemours LTD.) have been the popular PEM used in PFEC. However, there are still several problems such as insufficient gas barrier properties, low thermal resistance, and their high costs.In this study, hawse have studied the partially fluorinated PEM for PEFC by radiation grafting onto per-fluorinated polymers such as PFA, FEP and ETFE with reactive styrene monomers using pre-irradiation grafting method in gas and in liquid phase, respectively, and successive sulfonation. Characteristic properties of the grafted and sulfonated materials have been discussed and optimized fabricating conditions were determined.Characteristic properties of the obtained materials have been measured by differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy, etc.In the case of irradiation in air, glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the grafted materials depend on the yields of styrene grafting onto the materials. That is higher yields of grafting give lower thermal stability. On the other hand, when the peroxy radicals were converted trapped radicals by exposure in air after irradiation under oxygen-free atmosphere, Tg of the grafted materials hardly depends on the grafting yields.Moreover, the yields of grafting in gas phase were higher than that of liquid phase. However, the sample form of grafting in gas phase has been greatly changed, whereas the sample form of grafting in liquid phase has kept its original feature.Therefore, it is suggested that the fabricating conditions for PEFC membranes were preferred to irradiation under oxygen-free atmosphere and grafting in liquid phase.Ion exchange capacities of the sulfonated-materials could be 3.0meq/g. Other properties of the obtained membranes such as chemical structure were also discussed.