微藻脂类组成及脂肪酸分布的分析技术

微藻具有光合效率高、生长周期短、有可能异养生长等特性, 并含有多种生物活性物质,尤其是 EPA、DHA 等多不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富, 可以作为功能食品的优质生物资源。多不饱和脂肪酸在微藻细胞中主要以脂质的形式存在, 脂类组成及脂肪酸分布信息可以为藻种筛选、不饱和脂肪酸的分离纯化等提供依据。本文综述了高产多不饱和脂肪酸的藻种, 脂质及脂肪酸的萃取方法与分离鉴定技术, 特别对全二维气相色谱法、高压液相色谱法在微藻中的应用进行了阐述。

Analysis technology of lipid class composition and fatty acid distribution in microalgae

Microalgae possess a number of important properties such as the features of high photosynthetic efficiency, rapid growth, possible heterotrophic cultivation and contain a variety of biologically active sub-stances including EPA and DHA. They are considered a high-quality biological resource in functional foods. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in microalgal cells mainly exist in the form of lipids, thus lipid and fatty acid composition could provide the basis for the screening of microalgal strains and facilitate the separation and purification of those functional polyunsaturated fatty acids. This article summarized those microalgal strains with high-yield of polyunsaturated fatty acids, methods of extraction and separation of lipids and fatty acids. The applications of advanced technologies including comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography in microalgae were highlighted.