氨合成铁、钌催化剂联用工艺

在实验室和工业侧线装置上考察了FA-Ru型氨合成钌催化剂与铁系A202型催化剂的性能差异，以及铁催化剂和钌催化剂联用工艺与单铁催化剂工艺对氨合成效果的影响。结果表明，FA-Ru催化剂在低温（375～425℃）、低压（10～15 MPa）、低氢氮比（R=1.5～2.3）和合成气高氨浓度（10%～16 %，体积分数）条件下，活性比A202催化剂相对提高44%～75%。铁催化剂与钌催化剂混装工艺的氨合成率随着钌催化剂装量的增加而增加，比单铁催化剂的氨合成率提高24.5%～44.8%。铁催化剂串钌催化剂工艺的氨合成率同样随着钌催化剂装量的增加而增加，比单铁催化剂的氨合成率提高27.7%～58.8%。对于铁、钌催化剂联用的氨合成工艺，在实验条件下，当钌催化剂用量达铁催化剂用量1/2以上时，催化剂的最高活性点温度降至400℃。工业侧线实验表明，FA-Ru催化剂在13.0 MPa、10000～15000 h-1条件下的氨合成率可达到铁催化剂在相同空速、26 MPa 压力下的水平。根据不同工况，铁催化剂串钌催化剂生产工艺比单铁催化剂生产工艺氨合成率可相对提高43%～56%。

Evaluation of iron catalyst coupled with ruthenium tandem catalyst in ammonia synthesis

In the laboratory and the side draw test unit of a commercial ammonia synthesis reactor,the performance of the FA-Ru catalyst and the A202 iron catalyst was compared,and the influence of the iron catalyst coupled with ruthenium catalyst and the single iron catalyst on ammonia synthesis was investigated.Experiment results showed that the activity of the FA-Ru catalyst for ammonia synthesis was higher than the A202 catalyst by 44%—75% at low temperature（375—425℃）,low pressure（10—15 MPa）, low H2/N2 ratio and high concentration of ammonia synthesis gas（10%—16%, vol）in the laboratory.Ammonia conversion was higher than that of the single iron catalyst by 24.5%—44.8% and increased with increasing ruthenium catalyst loading in mixed catalyst bed under laboratory condition.Similarly, ammonia conversion was higher than that of the single iron catalyst by 27.7%—58.8% and increased with increasing ruthenium catalyst loading in tandem with iron catalyst under laboratory condition.The reaction temperature of ruthenium catalyst bed might be lowered to 400℃ when ruthenium catalyst loading reached above half of the iron catalyst.Side draw experiments showed that ammonia conversion of FA-Ru catalyst at 13.0 MPa and 10000—15000 h-1 might achieve the level of the single iron catalyst at 26 MPa for the same space velocity.Ammonia conversion of iron and ruthenium catalysts in tandem was 43%—56% higher than that of the single iron catalyst,depending on the operation condition.